Project Details
Description
Project Summary/Abstract It is estimated that type II diabetes (T2D) affects 5-8% of adults. Also recognized is a
transitional group of individuals whose glucose levels are above normal, yet not high enough to
be considered diabetes. Defined as "pre-diabetes," these individuals are either have impaired
fasting glucose (IFG;fasting glucose 100-125 mg/dl), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT;2-h
glucose 140-199 mg/dl) or both. Two unifying features associated with pre-diabetes is a strong
link to obesity and physical inactivity, the antithesis of which also positively influences IFG/IGT
and obesity, representing an important standard-of-care therapy. While contemporary exercise guidelines for various diseases processes recommend
exercise intensity ranges from 40-85% of maximal aerobic exercise capacity, the authors of the
recently updated Physical Activity and Public Health from the American College of Sports
Medicine and the American Heart Association recognize that few studies have examined the
effects of exercise intensity. This same group acknowledges that, "...there is some indication that
vigorous-intensity activities may have greater benefit for reducing cardiovascular disease and
premature mortality than moderate-intensity physical activity..." Accumulating research shows that interval training (INT) produces greater changes in
exercise capacity, mitochondrial biogenesis, skeletal muscle enzymatic markers associated with
carbohydrate metabolism, aerobic metabolism and fat oxidation than AER. INT involves short
exposures (15s - 2 min) of high exercise intensity (~95% VO2max) followed by a recovery period
(~50% VO2max) of equal or longer duration. Several reports have shown INT to be safe and
effective than traditional AER in clinical patients including those with peripheral artery disease,
intermittent claudication, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, asthma, COPD, and
the elderly (>75y). Further, the recent publication of the lay press book, The South Beach Diet
Supercharged: Faster Weight Loss and Better Health for Life has brought INT into the public
limelight despite the paucity of clinical studies attesting to the books purported benefits. The Insulin Sensitivity using Aerobic Interval Conditioning (ISAIC) trial will compare
traditional AER to INT in sedentary, overweight/obese men and women with pre-diabetes. This
study will provide information that may enhance current physical activity recommendations for
individuals who are overweight/obese and have pre-diabetes. The primary outcome for ISAIC is
insulin sensitivity (ISens). The secondary outcome for ISAIC is maximal cardiorespiratory fitness
(VO2max/peak). Tertiary outcomes will include sub-maximal indices of cardiorespiratory fitness,
anthropometry, and specific mechanistic markers associated with glycolysis, aerobic metabolism, -oxidation, and mitochondrial biogenesis inclusive of PGC-1 , GLUT4, hexokinase, citrate
synthase, beta-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase, and the serine phosphorylation of insulin
receptor substrate-1.
Status | Finished |
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Effective start/end date | 4/1/09 → 3/31/11 |
Funding
- National Institutes of Health: $76,500.00
ASJC
- Medicine(all)
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