TY - JOUR
T1 - A genetically clamped renin transgene for the induction of hypertension
AU - Caron, Kathleen M.I.
AU - James, Leighton R.
AU - Kim, Hyung Suk
AU - Morham, Scott G.
AU - Sequeira Lopez, Maria Luisa S.
AU - Gomez, R. Ariel
AU - Reudelhuber, Timothy L.
AU - Smithies, Oliver
PY - 2002/6/11
Y1 - 2002/6/11
N2 - Experimental analysis of the effects of individual components of complex mammalian systems is frequently impeded by compensatory adjustments that animals make to achieve homeostasis. We here introduce a genetic procedure for eliminating this type of impediment, by using as an example the development and testing of a transgene for "genetically clamping" the expression of renin, the major homeostatically responding component of the reninangiotensin system, one of the most important regulators of blood pressure. To obtain a renin transgene whose expression is genetically clamped at a constant level, we have used single-copy chosen-site gene targeting to insert into a liver-specific locus a single copy of a modified mouse renin transgene driven by a liver-specific promoter/enhancer. The resulting transgene expresses renin ectopically at a constant high level in the liver and leads to elevated plasma levels of prorenin and active renin. The transgenic mice display high blood pressure, enhanced thirst, high urine output, proteinuria, and kidney damage. Treatment with the angiotensin II type I receptor antagonist, losartan, reduces the hypertension, albuminuria, and kidney damage, but does not affect expression of the transgene. This genetically clamped renin transgene can be used in models in which hypertension and its complications need to be investigated in a high prorenin/renin environment that is not subject to homeostatic compensations by the animal when other factors are changed.
AB - Experimental analysis of the effects of individual components of complex mammalian systems is frequently impeded by compensatory adjustments that animals make to achieve homeostasis. We here introduce a genetic procedure for eliminating this type of impediment, by using as an example the development and testing of a transgene for "genetically clamping" the expression of renin, the major homeostatically responding component of the reninangiotensin system, one of the most important regulators of blood pressure. To obtain a renin transgene whose expression is genetically clamped at a constant level, we have used single-copy chosen-site gene targeting to insert into a liver-specific locus a single copy of a modified mouse renin transgene driven by a liver-specific promoter/enhancer. The resulting transgene expresses renin ectopically at a constant high level in the liver and leads to elevated plasma levels of prorenin and active renin. The transgenic mice display high blood pressure, enhanced thirst, high urine output, proteinuria, and kidney damage. Treatment with the angiotensin II type I receptor antagonist, losartan, reduces the hypertension, albuminuria, and kidney damage, but does not affect expression of the transgene. This genetically clamped renin transgene can be used in models in which hypertension and its complications need to be investigated in a high prorenin/renin environment that is not subject to homeostatic compensations by the animal when other factors are changed.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0037062443&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0037062443&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1073/pnas.112222199
DO - 10.1073/pnas.112222199
M3 - Article
C2 - 12034874
AN - SCOPUS:0037062443
SN - 0027-8424
VL - 99
SP - 8248
EP - 8252
JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
IS - 12
ER -