TY - JOUR
T1 - A multielectrode implant device for the cerebral cortex
AU - Decharms, R. Christopher
AU - Blake, David T.
AU - Merzenich, Michael M.
N1 - Funding Information:
We would like to thank the previous developers on the cortical implant project in the Merzenich lab, including Purvis Bedenbaugh, Ralph Beitel, Bill Jenkins, Marshall Fong, and Laczlo Bocskai. Steve Rebscher has provided much assistance and advice on the subjects of pressurized silicone seals and high tech camera art. Marty Bak has given valued advice on the electrodes and their implantation. Virginia deSa has provided extensive assistance in surgery and data analysis. The veterinary staff at UCSF and especially Karen MacLeod have been invaluable in the development of this device. Joe deGutis contributed to the artwork in this paper. D.T.B. supported by NRSA grant 1F32NS10154. This work supported by NIH grants NS10414, HRI, and the Coleman fund.
PY - 1999/10/30
Y1 - 1999/10/30
N2 - A new class of brain implant technology was developed that allows the simultaneous recording of voltage signals from many individual neurons in the cerebral cortex during cognitive tasks. The device allows recording from 49 independent positions spanning a 2x2-mm region of neural tissue. The recording electrodes are positioned in a square grid with 350 μm spacing, and each microelectrode can be precisely independently vertically positioned using a hydraulic microdrive. The device utilizes ultrafine, sharp iridium microelectrodes that minimize mechanical disturbance of the region near the electrode tip and produce low noise neuronal recordings. The total weight of this device is less than 20 g, and the device is reusable. The implant device has been used for transdural recordings in primary somatosensory and auditory cortices of marmosets, owl monkeys, and rats. On a typical day, one-third of the microelectrodes yield well-discriminated single neuron action potential waveforms. Additional array electrodes yield lower amplitude driven multiunit activity. The average signal-to-noise ratio of discriminated action potential waveforms 6 months after implantation was greater than 9. Simple design alternatives are discussed that can increase the number of electrodes in the array and the depths at which dense array recordings can be achieved. Copyright (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V.
AB - A new class of brain implant technology was developed that allows the simultaneous recording of voltage signals from many individual neurons in the cerebral cortex during cognitive tasks. The device allows recording from 49 independent positions spanning a 2x2-mm region of neural tissue. The recording electrodes are positioned in a square grid with 350 μm spacing, and each microelectrode can be precisely independently vertically positioned using a hydraulic microdrive. The device utilizes ultrafine, sharp iridium microelectrodes that minimize mechanical disturbance of the region near the electrode tip and produce low noise neuronal recordings. The total weight of this device is less than 20 g, and the device is reusable. The implant device has been used for transdural recordings in primary somatosensory and auditory cortices of marmosets, owl monkeys, and rats. On a typical day, one-third of the microelectrodes yield well-discriminated single neuron action potential waveforms. Additional array electrodes yield lower amplitude driven multiunit activity. The average signal-to-noise ratio of discriminated action potential waveforms 6 months after implantation was greater than 9. Simple design alternatives are discussed that can increase the number of electrodes in the array and the depths at which dense array recordings can be achieved. Copyright (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V.
KW - Array
KW - Auditory
KW - Behavior
KW - Population coding
KW - Primate
KW - Somatosensory
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U2 - 10.1016/S0165-0270(99)00087-4
DO - 10.1016/S0165-0270(99)00087-4
M3 - Article
C2 - 10598862
AN - SCOPUS:0032752175
SN - 0165-0270
VL - 93
SP - 27
EP - 35
JO - Journal of Neuroscience Methods
JF - Journal of Neuroscience Methods
IS - 1
ER -