TY - JOUR
T1 - Angiopoietins as promising biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in brain injury
AU - Chittiboina, Prashant
AU - Ganta, Vijay
AU - Monceaux, Christopher P.
AU - Scott, L. Keith
AU - Nanda, Anil
AU - Alexander, J. Steven
PY - 2013/2
Y1 - 2013/2
N2 - Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and sub-arachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) are major causes of long-term disability, mortality, and enormous economic costs to society. The full spectrum of neurological damage created by TBI or SAH is not usually manifested at the time of injury, but evolves gradually over the course of hours to days (or weeks) following these injuries. Angiopoietins, important regulators of vascular structure and function, are hallmark indicators of vascular injury and may therefore represent promising targets in the treatment of SAH and TBI. In animal models and human tissues, normal intracerebral and pial vessels show strong expression of Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), but only minimal expression or presentation of Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2). After several types of neurotrauma, the ratios of Ang-1 and Ang-2 expression in brain microvessel are disturbed and appear to contribute to the remarkable loss of blood-brain barrier (BBB) in these injuries. Angiopoietins levels, and perhaps more importantly, Angiopoietin ratios (1:2) may have novel and important diagnostic and prognostic uses in TBI and SAH brain injury. Ang-1/2 evaluation in plasma, serum and cerebrospinal fluid may provide new therapeutic modalities which can modify 'secondary' forms of brain injury after TBI and SAH.
AB - Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and sub-arachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) are major causes of long-term disability, mortality, and enormous economic costs to society. The full spectrum of neurological damage created by TBI or SAH is not usually manifested at the time of injury, but evolves gradually over the course of hours to days (or weeks) following these injuries. Angiopoietins, important regulators of vascular structure and function, are hallmark indicators of vascular injury and may therefore represent promising targets in the treatment of SAH and TBI. In animal models and human tissues, normal intracerebral and pial vessels show strong expression of Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), but only minimal expression or presentation of Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2). After several types of neurotrauma, the ratios of Ang-1 and Ang-2 expression in brain microvessel are disturbed and appear to contribute to the remarkable loss of blood-brain barrier (BBB) in these injuries. Angiopoietins levels, and perhaps more importantly, Angiopoietin ratios (1:2) may have novel and important diagnostic and prognostic uses in TBI and SAH brain injury. Ang-1/2 evaluation in plasma, serum and cerebrospinal fluid may provide new therapeutic modalities which can modify 'secondary' forms of brain injury after TBI and SAH.
KW - Angiopoietin
KW - Biomarker
KW - Brain injury
KW - Subarachnoid hemorrhage
KW - Traumatic brain injury
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84878191794&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84878191794&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.pathophys.2012.02.004
DO - 10.1016/j.pathophys.2012.02.004
M3 - Article
C2 - 22633746
AN - SCOPUS:84878191794
SN - 0928-4680
VL - 20
SP - 15
EP - 21
JO - Pathophysiology
JF - Pathophysiology
IS - 1
ER -