Baseline AMH level associated with ovulation following ovulation induction in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Sunni L. Mumford, Richard S. Legro, Michael P. Diamond, Christos Coutifaris, Anne Z. Steiner, William D. Schlaff, Ruben Alvero, Gregory M. Christman, Peter R. Casson, Hao Huang, Nanette Santoro, Esther Eisenberg, Heping Zhang, Marcelle I. Cedars

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

27 Scopus citations

Abstract

CONTEXT: AMH reduces aromatase activity and sensitivity of follicles to FSH stimulation. Therefore, elevated serum AMH may indicate a higher threshold for response to ovulation induction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between AMH levels and ovulatory response to treatment among the women enrolled in the Pregnancy in PCOS II (PPCOS II) trial.

DESIGN: Secondary analysis of data from a randomized clinical trial.

SETTING: Academic health centers throughout the United States.

PARTICIPANTS: 748 women aged 18 to 40 years, with PCOS and measured AMH levels at baseline were included in this study.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Couples were followed for up to 5 treatment cycles to determine ovulation (mid-luteal serum progesterone >5 ng/mL) and the dose required to achieve ovulation.

RESULTS: A lower mean AMH and AMH per follicle was observed among women who ovulated compared to women who never achieved ovulation during the study (geometric mean AMH 5.54 vs. 7.35 ng/mL, p=0.0001; geometric mean AMH per follicle 0.14 vs 0.18, p=0.01) after adjustment for age, body mass index, testosterone, and insulin level. As AMH levels increased the dose of ovulation induction medication needed to achieve ovulation also increased. No associations were observed between antral follicle count and ovulation.

CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that high serum AMH is associated with a reduced response to ovulation induction among women with PCOS; women with higher AMH levels may require higher doses of medication to achieve ovulation.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)3288-3296
Number of pages9
JournalJournal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
Volume101
Issue number9
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 1 2016

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
  • Biochemistry
  • Endocrinology
  • Clinical Biochemistry
  • Biochemistry, medical

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