Abstract
In addition to adrenergic innervation, cerebral arteries also contain neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)-expressing nerves that augment adrenergic nerve function. We examined the impact of development and chronic high-altitude hypoxia (3,820 m) on nNOS nerve function in near-term fetal and adult sheep middle cerebral arteries (MCA). Electrical stimulation-evoked release of norepinephrine (NE) was measured with HPLC and electrochemical detection, whereas nitric oxide (NO) release was measured by chemiluminescence. An inhibitor of NO synthase, Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), significantly inhibited stimulation-evoked NE release in MCA from normoxic fetal and adult sheep with no effect in MCA from hypoxic animals. Addition of the NO donor S-nitroso-N- acetyl-DL-penicillamine fully reversed the effect of L-NAME in MCA from normoxic animals with no effect in MCA from hypoxic animals. Electrical stimulation caused a significant increase in NO release in MCA from normoxic animals, an effect that was blocked by the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin, whereas there was no increase in NO release in MCA from hypoxic animals. Relative abundance of nNOS as measured by Western blot analysis was similar in normoxic fetal and adult MCA. However, after hypoxic acclimitization, nNOS levels dramatically declined in both fetal and adult MCA. These data suggest that the function of nNOS nerves declines during chronic high-altitude hypoxia, a functional change that may be related to a decline in nNOS protein levels.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 724-732 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Journal | Journal of Applied Physiology |
| Volume | 94 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Feb 1 2003 |
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Keywords
- Cerebrovascular circulation
- Development and sympathetic nerve function
- High-altitude hypoxemia
- Neuronal nitric oxide synthase nerves
- Norepinephrine release
- Recombinant neuronal nitric oxide synthase
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Physiology
- Physiology (medical)
Cite this
Chronic hypoxia alters the function of NOS nerves in cerebral arteries of near-term fetal and adult sheep. / Mbaku, Emmanuel M.; Zhang, Lubo; Pearce, William J.; Duckles, Sue P.; Buchholz, John.
In: Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 94, No. 2, 01.02.2003, p. 724-732.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Chronic hypoxia alters the function of NOS nerves in cerebral arteries of near-term fetal and adult sheep
AU - Mbaku, Emmanuel M.
AU - Zhang, Lubo
AU - Pearce, William J.
AU - Duckles, Sue P.
AU - Buchholz, John
PY - 2003/2/1
Y1 - 2003/2/1
N2 - In addition to adrenergic innervation, cerebral arteries also contain neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)-expressing nerves that augment adrenergic nerve function. We examined the impact of development and chronic high-altitude hypoxia (3,820 m) on nNOS nerve function in near-term fetal and adult sheep middle cerebral arteries (MCA). Electrical stimulation-evoked release of norepinephrine (NE) was measured with HPLC and electrochemical detection, whereas nitric oxide (NO) release was measured by chemiluminescence. An inhibitor of NO synthase, Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), significantly inhibited stimulation-evoked NE release in MCA from normoxic fetal and adult sheep with no effect in MCA from hypoxic animals. Addition of the NO donor S-nitroso-N- acetyl-DL-penicillamine fully reversed the effect of L-NAME in MCA from normoxic animals with no effect in MCA from hypoxic animals. Electrical stimulation caused a significant increase in NO release in MCA from normoxic animals, an effect that was blocked by the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin, whereas there was no increase in NO release in MCA from hypoxic animals. Relative abundance of nNOS as measured by Western blot analysis was similar in normoxic fetal and adult MCA. However, after hypoxic acclimitization, nNOS levels dramatically declined in both fetal and adult MCA. These data suggest that the function of nNOS nerves declines during chronic high-altitude hypoxia, a functional change that may be related to a decline in nNOS protein levels.
AB - In addition to adrenergic innervation, cerebral arteries also contain neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)-expressing nerves that augment adrenergic nerve function. We examined the impact of development and chronic high-altitude hypoxia (3,820 m) on nNOS nerve function in near-term fetal and adult sheep middle cerebral arteries (MCA). Electrical stimulation-evoked release of norepinephrine (NE) was measured with HPLC and electrochemical detection, whereas nitric oxide (NO) release was measured by chemiluminescence. An inhibitor of NO synthase, Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), significantly inhibited stimulation-evoked NE release in MCA from normoxic fetal and adult sheep with no effect in MCA from hypoxic animals. Addition of the NO donor S-nitroso-N- acetyl-DL-penicillamine fully reversed the effect of L-NAME in MCA from normoxic animals with no effect in MCA from hypoxic animals. Electrical stimulation caused a significant increase in NO release in MCA from normoxic animals, an effect that was blocked by the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin, whereas there was no increase in NO release in MCA from hypoxic animals. Relative abundance of nNOS as measured by Western blot analysis was similar in normoxic fetal and adult MCA. However, after hypoxic acclimitization, nNOS levels dramatically declined in both fetal and adult MCA. These data suggest that the function of nNOS nerves declines during chronic high-altitude hypoxia, a functional change that may be related to a decline in nNOS protein levels.
KW - Cerebrovascular circulation
KW - Development and sympathetic nerve function
KW - High-altitude hypoxemia
KW - Neuronal nitric oxide synthase nerves
KW - Norepinephrine release
KW - Recombinant neuronal nitric oxide synthase
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0037308832&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0037308832&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1152/japplphysiol.00771.2002
DO - 10.1152/japplphysiol.00771.2002
M3 - Article
C2 - 12433849
AN - SCOPUS:0037308832
VL - 94
SP - 724
EP - 732
JO - Journal of Applied Physiology Respiratory Environmental and Exercise Physiology
JF - Journal of Applied Physiology Respiratory Environmental and Exercise Physiology
SN - 8750-7587
IS - 2
ER -