TY - JOUR
T1 - Clinical correlates of tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia
T2 - Baseline data from the CATIE schizophrenia trial
AU - Miller, Del D.
AU - McEvoy, Joseph Patrick
AU - Davis, Sonia M.
AU - Caroff, Stanley N.
AU - Saltz, Bruce L.
AU - Chakos, Miranda H.
AU - Swartz, Marvin S.
AU - Keefe, Richard S.E.
AU - Rosenheck, Robert A.
AU - Stroup, T. Scott
AU - Lieberman, Jeffrey A.
N1 - Funding Information:
This article was based on results from the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness project, supported with Federal funds from the National Institute of Mental Health under contract NO1 MH90001. The aim of this project is to examine the comparative effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs in conditions for which their use is clinically indicated, including schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease. The project was carried out by principal investigators from the University of North Carolina, Duke University, the University of Southern California, the University of Rochester, and Yale University in association with Quintiles, Inc.; the program staff of the Division of Interventions and Services Research of the NIMH; and investigators from 57 sites in the United States. AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Forest Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Janssen Pharmaceutica Products, L.P., Eli Lilly and Company, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Pfizer Inc., and Zenith Goldline Pharmaceuticals, Inc., provided medications for the studies.
PY - 2005/12/1
Y1 - 2005/12/1
N2 - Objective: To examine the clinical characteristics of individuals with schizophrenia that develop tardive dyskinesia (TD) associated with antipsychotic treatment. Methods: Baseline data on 1460 patients with schizophrenia were collected as part of the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness schizophrenia study. Subjects who met Schooler-Kane criteria for probable TD were compared to those without TD. Multiple regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between TD and clinical variables. Results: 212 subjects met the Schooler-Kane criteria for probable TD and 1098 had no history or current evidence of TD. Subjects with TD were older, had a longer duration of receiving antipsychotic medication, and were more likely to have been receiving a conventional antipsychotic and an anticholinergic agent. After controlling for important baseline covariates, diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension did not predict TD, whereas substance abuse significantly predicted TD. Differences in cognitive functioning were not significantly different after controlling for baseline covariates. The TD subjects also had higher ratings of psychopathology, EPSE, and akathisia. Conclusion: Our results confirm the established relationships between the presence of TD and age, duration of treatment with antipsychotics, treatment with a conventional antipsychotic, treatment with anticholinergics, the presence of EPS and akathisia, and substance abuse. Subjects with TD had higher ratings of psychopathology as measured by the PANSS. We found no support for DM or hypertension increasing the risk of TD, or for TD being associated with cognitive impairment.
AB - Objective: To examine the clinical characteristics of individuals with schizophrenia that develop tardive dyskinesia (TD) associated with antipsychotic treatment. Methods: Baseline data on 1460 patients with schizophrenia were collected as part of the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness schizophrenia study. Subjects who met Schooler-Kane criteria for probable TD were compared to those without TD. Multiple regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between TD and clinical variables. Results: 212 subjects met the Schooler-Kane criteria for probable TD and 1098 had no history or current evidence of TD. Subjects with TD were older, had a longer duration of receiving antipsychotic medication, and were more likely to have been receiving a conventional antipsychotic and an anticholinergic agent. After controlling for important baseline covariates, diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension did not predict TD, whereas substance abuse significantly predicted TD. Differences in cognitive functioning were not significantly different after controlling for baseline covariates. The TD subjects also had higher ratings of psychopathology, EPSE, and akathisia. Conclusion: Our results confirm the established relationships between the presence of TD and age, duration of treatment with antipsychotics, treatment with a conventional antipsychotic, treatment with anticholinergics, the presence of EPS and akathisia, and substance abuse. Subjects with TD had higher ratings of psychopathology as measured by the PANSS. We found no support for DM or hypertension increasing the risk of TD, or for TD being associated with cognitive impairment.
KW - Antipsychotic adverse effects
KW - Clinical features
KW - Schizophrenia
KW - Tardive dyskinesia
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U2 - 10.1016/j.schres.2005.07.034
DO - 10.1016/j.schres.2005.07.034
M3 - Article
C2 - 16171976
AN - SCOPUS:27744435853
SN - 0920-9964
VL - 80
SP - 33
EP - 43
JO - Schizophrenia Research
JF - Schizophrenia Research
IS - 1
ER -
