Cyclophosphamide, cytosine arabinoside and TBI as a conditioning regimen for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in patients with leukemia

A. P. Jillella, R. Doria, K. Khan, D. Zelterman, Y. H. Ahmad, B. R. Smith, W. Holmes, P. Becker, K. B. Roberts, J. M. Rappeport

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

14 Scopus citations

Abstract

This is a prospective study designed to determine the toxicity, efficacy and antileukemic effect of high-dose cytosine arabinoside (ara-C), cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation (TBI) as a myeloablative regimen prior to allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for patients with hematologic malignancies. Fifty-eight patients with hematologic malignancies were treated with cyclophosphamide, high-dose ara-C and total body irradiation (TBI) followed by allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Fifty patients had good prognosis disease and eight had poor prognosis disease. Cyclosporine and short-course methotrexate were used for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. The conditioning regimen consisted of ara-C 3000 mg/m2 twice a day x six doses on days -7, -6, and -5; cyclophosphamide 1800 mg/m2 on days -4 and -3; and TBI 1400 cGy midline dose at 5 cGy/min in eight total fractions administered twice a day on days -4, -3, -2, and -1. The bone marrow was infused on day 0 (zero). Toxicity related to the conditioning regimen was comparable to that reported with other conditioning regimens, except for diarrhea which appears to be more frequent. The actuarial survival at 1 year was 69% (58-82) and at 5 years was 54% (42-69) with the numbers in parentheses representing the 95% confidence interval of the Kaplan-Meier estimate. After a median follow-up of 28 months, 31 of 58 (53%) patients are alive without evidence of disease. Only four of the 58 patients (7%) have relapsed. Cyclophosphamide, ara-C and TBI is a safe and effective myeloablative regimen for patients with leukemia. The overall relapse rate in our study was 7% with a median follow-up of 28 months and appears to be lower than relapse rates reported in other series. This is probably due to the added antileukemic effect of ara-C. This regimen should be compared with other myeloablative regimens in a controlled study.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1095-1100
Number of pages6
JournalBone marrow transplantation
Volume23
Issue number11
DOIs
StatePublished - 1999

Keywords

  • Bone marrow transplant
  • Cyclophosphamide
  • Leukemia
  • Myeloablation
  • Preparative regimen
  • Veno-occlusive disease
  • ara-C

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Hematology
  • Transplantation

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