Geographic and temporal trends in isolation and antifungal susceptibility of Candida parapsilosis: A global assessment from the ARTEMIS DISK Antifungal Surveillance Program, 2001 to 2005

M. A. Pfaller, D. J. Diekema, D. L. Gibbs, V. A. Newell, K. P. Ng, A. Colombo, J. Finquelievich, R. Barnes, J. Wadula, Jorge Finquelievich, Nora Tiraboschi, David Ellis, Dominique Fameree, Anne Marie van den Abeele, Jean Marc Senterre, Arnaldo Lopez Colombo, Robert Rennie, Stephen Sanche, Hu Bijie, Yingchun XuWang Fu, Nan Shan Zhong, Pilar Rivas, Catalina de Bedout, Matilde Mendez, Ricardo Vega, Nada Mallatova, Stanislava Dobiasova, Julio Ayabaca, Jeannete Zurita, M. Mallie, E. Candolfi, W. Fegeler, P. D.G. Haase, A. Rodloff, W. Bar, V. Czaika, George Petrikos, Erzsébet Puskás, Ilona Dóczi, Gyula Mestyan, Radka Nikolova, Uma Banerjee, Nathan Keller, Vivian Tullio, Gian Carlo Schito, Domenico D'Antonio, Pietro Martino, N. G. Kee Peng, Celia Alpuche, Jose Santos, Rayo Morfin Ortero, Mussaret Zaidi, Jacques F. Meis, Egil Lingaas, Danuta Dzierzanowska, Waclaw Pawliszyn, Mariada Luz Martins, Luis Albuquerque, Laura Rosado, Rosa Velho, Jose Amorim, Vera N. Ilina, Olga I. Kretchikova, Galina A. Klyasova, Sophia M. Rozanova, Irina G. Multykh, Nikolay N. Klimko, Elena D. Agapova, Natalya V. Dmitrieva, Abdul Mohsen Al-Rasheed, Atef Shibl, Jan Trupl, Hupkova Helena, Anwar Hoosen, Jeannette Wadula, M. N. Janse van Rensburg, Adriano Duse, Kyungwon Lee, Mi Na Kim, A. del Palacio, Aurora Sanchez-Sousa, Jacques Bille, K. Muhlethaler, Shan Chwen Chang, Jen Hsien Wang, Deniz Gur, Volkan Korten, John Paul, Derek Brown, Chris Kibbler, Nigel Weightman, Ian M. Gould, Claire Rennison, Richard Barton, Rosemary Barnes, Jose Vazquez, Davise Larone, Mike Rinaldi, Heidi Reyes, Axel Santiago

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

91 Scopus citations

Abstract

We examined data from the ARTEMIS DISK Antifungal Surveillance Program to describe geographic and temporal trends in the isolation of Candida parapsilosis from clinical specimens and the in vitro susceptibilities of 9,371 isolates to fluconazole and voriconazole. We also report the in vitro susceptibility of bloodstream infection (BSI) isolates of C. parapsilosis to the echinocandins, anidulafungin, caspofungin, and micafungin. C. parapsilosis represented 6.6% of the 141,383 isolates of Candida collected from 2001 to 2005 and was most common among isolates from North America (14.3%) and Latin America (9.9%). High levels of susceptibility to both fluconazole (90.8 to 95.8%) and voriconazole (95.3 to 98.1%) were observed in all geographic regions with the exception of the Africa and Middle East region (79.3 and 85.8% susceptible to fluconazole and voriconazole, respectively). C. parapsilosis was most often isolated from blood and skin and/or soft tissue specimens and from patients hospitalized in the medical, surgical, intensive care unit (ICU) and dermatology services. Notably, isolates from the surgical ICU were the least susceptible to fluconazole (86.3%). There was no evidence of increasing azole resistance over time among C. parapsilosis isolates tested from 2001 to 2005. Of BSI isolates tested against the three echinocandins, 92, 99, and 100% were inhibited by concentrations of ≤2 μg/ml of anidulafungin (621 isolates tested), caspofungin (1,447 isolates tested), and micafungin (539 isolates tested), respectively. C. parapsilosis is a ubiquitous pathogen that remains susceptible to the azoles and echinocandins; however, both the frequency of isolation and the resistance of C. parapsilosis to fluconazole and voriconazole may vary by geographic region and clinical service.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)842-849
Number of pages8
JournalJournal of clinical microbiology
Volume46
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - Mar 1 2008

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Microbiology (medical)

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