Abstract
Purpose: We determined the degree to which variation in cardiac autonomic modulation was explained by race, sex, moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), cardiovascular fitness (CVF), percent body fat (%BF), waist girth, subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SAAT), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Methods: Subjects were 304 adolescents; SAAT and VAT values were available for 168 youths. Cardiac parasympathetic modulation (PM) was the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD). Sympathetic-parasympathetic balance was the ratio of low- to high-frequency power (LFnu:HFnu). MVPA was measured with accelerometry, CVF with a treadmill, %BF with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and SAAT and VAT with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results: Root mean square of successive differences was higher, and LFnu:HFnu was lower, in blacks than in whites. The final regression model revealed positive relations with CVF and MVPA, and a %BF by race by sex interaction, such that higher %BF was associated with lower RMSSD in black females and higher RMSSD in white females. Higher RMSSD was associated with lower VAT; for SAAT, the relationship was negative for blacks and positive for whites. For LFnu:Hfnu, a negative relationship was seen with MVPA and higher waist girth was associated with a higher ratio in blacks, but not in whites. Both higher VAT and SAAT were related to higher LFnu:HFnu. Conclusions: Black youths had a more favorable HRV profile than white youths. After controlling for age, race, and sex, more favorable HRV profiles were associated with more MVPA, better CVF, and less visceral and subcutaneous adiposity. The deleterious impact of higher adiposity was greater in blacks, especially females, than in whites. Enhancement of cardiac autonomic modulation may be a pathway through which physical activity, fitness, and leanness contribute to cardiovascular health early in life.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1856-1863 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise |
| Volume | 37 |
| Issue number | 11 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Nov 1 2005 |
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Keywords
- Cardiac autonomic modulation
- Cardiovascular health
- Exercise
- Percent body fat
- Race
- Visceral adipose tissue
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
- Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation
Cite this
Heart rate variability in adolescents : Relations to physical activity, fitness, and adiposity. / Gutin, Bernard; Howe, Cheryl A.; Johnson, Maribeth H; Humphries, Matthew C.; Snieder, Harold; Barbeau, Paule.
In: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Vol. 37, No. 11, 01.11.2005, p. 1856-1863.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Heart rate variability in adolescents
T2 - Relations to physical activity, fitness, and adiposity
AU - Gutin, Bernard
AU - Howe, Cheryl A.
AU - Johnson, Maribeth H
AU - Humphries, Matthew C.
AU - Snieder, Harold
AU - Barbeau, Paule
PY - 2005/11/1
Y1 - 2005/11/1
N2 - Purpose: We determined the degree to which variation in cardiac autonomic modulation was explained by race, sex, moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), cardiovascular fitness (CVF), percent body fat (%BF), waist girth, subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SAAT), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Methods: Subjects were 304 adolescents; SAAT and VAT values were available for 168 youths. Cardiac parasympathetic modulation (PM) was the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD). Sympathetic-parasympathetic balance was the ratio of low- to high-frequency power (LFnu:HFnu). MVPA was measured with accelerometry, CVF with a treadmill, %BF with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and SAAT and VAT with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results: Root mean square of successive differences was higher, and LFnu:HFnu was lower, in blacks than in whites. The final regression model revealed positive relations with CVF and MVPA, and a %BF by race by sex interaction, such that higher %BF was associated with lower RMSSD in black females and higher RMSSD in white females. Higher RMSSD was associated with lower VAT; for SAAT, the relationship was negative for blacks and positive for whites. For LFnu:Hfnu, a negative relationship was seen with MVPA and higher waist girth was associated with a higher ratio in blacks, but not in whites. Both higher VAT and SAAT were related to higher LFnu:HFnu. Conclusions: Black youths had a more favorable HRV profile than white youths. After controlling for age, race, and sex, more favorable HRV profiles were associated with more MVPA, better CVF, and less visceral and subcutaneous adiposity. The deleterious impact of higher adiposity was greater in blacks, especially females, than in whites. Enhancement of cardiac autonomic modulation may be a pathway through which physical activity, fitness, and leanness contribute to cardiovascular health early in life.
AB - Purpose: We determined the degree to which variation in cardiac autonomic modulation was explained by race, sex, moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), cardiovascular fitness (CVF), percent body fat (%BF), waist girth, subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SAAT), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Methods: Subjects were 304 adolescents; SAAT and VAT values were available for 168 youths. Cardiac parasympathetic modulation (PM) was the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD). Sympathetic-parasympathetic balance was the ratio of low- to high-frequency power (LFnu:HFnu). MVPA was measured with accelerometry, CVF with a treadmill, %BF with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and SAAT and VAT with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results: Root mean square of successive differences was higher, and LFnu:HFnu was lower, in blacks than in whites. The final regression model revealed positive relations with CVF and MVPA, and a %BF by race by sex interaction, such that higher %BF was associated with lower RMSSD in black females and higher RMSSD in white females. Higher RMSSD was associated with lower VAT; for SAAT, the relationship was negative for blacks and positive for whites. For LFnu:Hfnu, a negative relationship was seen with MVPA and higher waist girth was associated with a higher ratio in blacks, but not in whites. Both higher VAT and SAAT were related to higher LFnu:HFnu. Conclusions: Black youths had a more favorable HRV profile than white youths. After controlling for age, race, and sex, more favorable HRV profiles were associated with more MVPA, better CVF, and less visceral and subcutaneous adiposity. The deleterious impact of higher adiposity was greater in blacks, especially females, than in whites. Enhancement of cardiac autonomic modulation may be a pathway through which physical activity, fitness, and leanness contribute to cardiovascular health early in life.
KW - Cardiac autonomic modulation
KW - Cardiovascular health
KW - Exercise
KW - Percent body fat
KW - Race
KW - Visceral adipose tissue
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=28044457949&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=28044457949&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1249/01.mss.0000175867.98628.27
DO - 10.1249/01.mss.0000175867.98628.27
M3 - Article
C2 - 16286853
AN - SCOPUS:28044457949
VL - 37
SP - 1856
EP - 1863
JO - Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
JF - Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
SN - 0195-9131
IS - 11
ER -