TY - JOUR
T1 - Hypotension begins at 110 mm Hg
T2 - Redefining "hypotension" with data
AU - Eastridge, Brian J.
AU - Salinas, Jose
AU - McManus, John G.
AU - Blackburn, Lorne
AU - Bugler, Eileen M.
AU - Cooke, William H.
AU - Concertino, Victor A.
AU - Wade, Charles E.
AU - Holcomb, John B.
PY - 2007/8
Y1 - 2007/8
N2 - BACKGROUND: Clinicians routinely refer to hypotension as a systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≤90 mm Hg. However, few data exist to support the rigid adherence to this arbitrary cutoff. We hypothesized that the physiologic hypoperfusion and mortality outcomes classically associated with hypotension were manifest at higher SBPs. METHODS: A total of 870,634 patient records from the National Trauma Data Bank with emergency department SBP and mortality data were analyzed. Patients (140,898) with severe head injuries, a Glasgow Coma Score ≤8, and base deficit (BD) <5, or missing data items were excluded from analysis. Admission BD, as a measure of metabolic hypoperfusion, was evaluated in 81,134 patients and mortality was plotted against SBP. RESULTS: Baseline mortality was <2.5%. However, at 110 mm Hg, the slope of the mortality curve increased such that mortality was 4.8% greater for every 10-mm Hg decrement in SBP. This effect was consistent to a maximum of 26% mortality at a SBP of 60 mm Hg. Hypoperfusion (change in the slope of BD curve) began to increase above baseline of 4.5 at a SBP 118 mm Hg. CONCLUSION: Taking the BD and mortality measurements together, this analysis shows that a SBP ≤110 mm Hg is a more clinically relevant definition of hypotension and hypoperfusion than is 90 mm Hg. This analysis will also be useful for developing appropriately powered studies of hemorrhagic shock.
AB - BACKGROUND: Clinicians routinely refer to hypotension as a systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≤90 mm Hg. However, few data exist to support the rigid adherence to this arbitrary cutoff. We hypothesized that the physiologic hypoperfusion and mortality outcomes classically associated with hypotension were manifest at higher SBPs. METHODS: A total of 870,634 patient records from the National Trauma Data Bank with emergency department SBP and mortality data were analyzed. Patients (140,898) with severe head injuries, a Glasgow Coma Score ≤8, and base deficit (BD) <5, or missing data items were excluded from analysis. Admission BD, as a measure of metabolic hypoperfusion, was evaluated in 81,134 patients and mortality was plotted against SBP. RESULTS: Baseline mortality was <2.5%. However, at 110 mm Hg, the slope of the mortality curve increased such that mortality was 4.8% greater for every 10-mm Hg decrement in SBP. This effect was consistent to a maximum of 26% mortality at a SBP of 60 mm Hg. Hypoperfusion (change in the slope of BD curve) began to increase above baseline of 4.5 at a SBP 118 mm Hg. CONCLUSION: Taking the BD and mortality measurements together, this analysis shows that a SBP ≤110 mm Hg is a more clinically relevant definition of hypotension and hypoperfusion than is 90 mm Hg. This analysis will also be useful for developing appropriately powered studies of hemorrhagic shock.
KW - Base deficit
KW - Hypotension
KW - Mortality
KW - Shock
KW - Systolic blood pressure
KW - Trauma
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=34547854414&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=34547854414&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/TA.0b013e31809ed924
DO - 10.1097/TA.0b013e31809ed924
M3 - Article
C2 - 17693826
AN - SCOPUS:34547854414
SN - 0022-5282
VL - 63
SP - 291
EP - 297
JO - Journal of Trauma - Injury, Infection and Critical Care
JF - Journal of Trauma - Injury, Infection and Critical Care
IS - 2
ER -