Impact of tumor microenvironment on oncolytic viral therapy

Jeffrey Wojton, Balveen Kaur

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

75 Scopus citations

Abstract

Interactions between tumor cells and their microenvironment have been shown to play a very significant role in the initiation, progression, and invasiveness of cancer. These tumor-stromal interactions are capable of altering the delivery and effectiveness of therapeutics into the tumor and are also known to influence future resistance and re-growth after treatment. Here we review recent advances in the understanding of the tumor microenvironment and its response to oncolytic viral therapy. The multifaceted environmental response to viral therapy can influence viral infection, replication, and propagation within the tumor. Recent studies have unveiled the complicated temporal changes in the tumor vasculature post-oncolytic virus (OV) treatment, and their impact on tumor biology. Similarly, the secreted extracellular matrix in solid tumors can affect both infection and spread of the therapeutic virus. Together, these complex changes in the tumor microenvironment also modulate the activation of the innate antiviral host immune response, leading to quick and efficient viral clearance. In order to combat these detrimental responses, viruses have been combined with pharmacological adjuvants and " armed" with therapeutic genes in order to suppress the pernicious environmental conditions following therapy. In this review we will discuss the impact of the tumor environment on viral therapy and examine some of the recent literature investigating methods of modulating this environment to enhance oncolysis.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)127-134
Number of pages8
JournalCytokine and Growth Factor Reviews
Volume21
Issue number2-3
DOIs
StatePublished - Apr 2010
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Angiogenesis
  • Extracellular matrix
  • Microenvironment
  • Oncolytic
  • Stromal cell

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
  • Immunology and Allergy
  • Immunology
  • General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

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