Abstract
Interactions of Pyridostigmine with Cardiopulmonary Systems and Their Relationships to Plasma Cholinesterase Activity. CALDWELL, R. W., LOWENSOHN, H. S., CHRYSSANTHIS, M. A., AND NASH, C. B. (1989). Fundam Appl. Toxicol. 12, 432-441. Three dose levels of pyridostigmine (0.5,2, and 5 mg/kg) were given iv to dogs anesthetized with sodium pentobarbi tal. Hemodynamic measurements made were cardiac output, blood pressure, left ventricular dP/dT, and heart rate. Pulmonary function data obtained were airway resistance, respiratory rate, and tidal volume. Activity of blood cholinesterase was also measured. Increasing doses of pyridostigmine promptly and progressively lowered the acetylcholinesterase activity of blood to a minimum of 40% of control at the 5 mg%kg dose. Airway resistance was most sensitive to the drug. Resistance increased significantly with 2 mg/kg, and the 5 mg/kg dose resulted in more than a 10-fold increase, which persisted for more than 2 hr. Tidal volume was decreased and minute volume was increased due to an increase in respiratory rate. With the higher doses, heart rate decreased and stroke volume rose sufficiently to compensate so that cardiac output was unchanged. The lowest dose produced minimal effects on both cardiovascular and respiratory systems, and since this dose is greater than that proposed for organophosphate poisoning in humans, it seems likely that this drug would not cause important effects in normal humans when used as a protective agent.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 432-441 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| Journal | Toxicological Sciences |
| Volume | 12 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Apr 1 1989 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Toxicology
Cite this
Interactions of pyridostigmine with cardiopulmonary systems and their relationships to plasma cholinesterase activity. / Caldwell, Robert William; Lowensohn, Howard S.; Chryssanthis, Mary A.; Nash, Clinton B.
In: Toxicological Sciences, Vol. 12, No. 3, 01.04.1989, p. 432-441.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Interactions of pyridostigmine with cardiopulmonary systems and their relationships to plasma cholinesterase activity
AU - Caldwell, Robert William
AU - Lowensohn, Howard S.
AU - Chryssanthis, Mary A.
AU - Nash, Clinton B.
PY - 1989/4/1
Y1 - 1989/4/1
N2 - Interactions of Pyridostigmine with Cardiopulmonary Systems and Their Relationships to Plasma Cholinesterase Activity. CALDWELL, R. W., LOWENSOHN, H. S., CHRYSSANTHIS, M. A., AND NASH, C. B. (1989). Fundam Appl. Toxicol. 12, 432-441. Three dose levels of pyridostigmine (0.5,2, and 5 mg/kg) were given iv to dogs anesthetized with sodium pentobarbi tal. Hemodynamic measurements made were cardiac output, blood pressure, left ventricular dP/dT, and heart rate. Pulmonary function data obtained were airway resistance, respiratory rate, and tidal volume. Activity of blood cholinesterase was also measured. Increasing doses of pyridostigmine promptly and progressively lowered the acetylcholinesterase activity of blood to a minimum of 40% of control at the 5 mg%kg dose. Airway resistance was most sensitive to the drug. Resistance increased significantly with 2 mg/kg, and the 5 mg/kg dose resulted in more than a 10-fold increase, which persisted for more than 2 hr. Tidal volume was decreased and minute volume was increased due to an increase in respiratory rate. With the higher doses, heart rate decreased and stroke volume rose sufficiently to compensate so that cardiac output was unchanged. The lowest dose produced minimal effects on both cardiovascular and respiratory systems, and since this dose is greater than that proposed for organophosphate poisoning in humans, it seems likely that this drug would not cause important effects in normal humans when used as a protective agent.
AB - Interactions of Pyridostigmine with Cardiopulmonary Systems and Their Relationships to Plasma Cholinesterase Activity. CALDWELL, R. W., LOWENSOHN, H. S., CHRYSSANTHIS, M. A., AND NASH, C. B. (1989). Fundam Appl. Toxicol. 12, 432-441. Three dose levels of pyridostigmine (0.5,2, and 5 mg/kg) were given iv to dogs anesthetized with sodium pentobarbi tal. Hemodynamic measurements made were cardiac output, blood pressure, left ventricular dP/dT, and heart rate. Pulmonary function data obtained were airway resistance, respiratory rate, and tidal volume. Activity of blood cholinesterase was also measured. Increasing doses of pyridostigmine promptly and progressively lowered the acetylcholinesterase activity of blood to a minimum of 40% of control at the 5 mg%kg dose. Airway resistance was most sensitive to the drug. Resistance increased significantly with 2 mg/kg, and the 5 mg/kg dose resulted in more than a 10-fold increase, which persisted for more than 2 hr. Tidal volume was decreased and minute volume was increased due to an increase in respiratory rate. With the higher doses, heart rate decreased and stroke volume rose sufficiently to compensate so that cardiac output was unchanged. The lowest dose produced minimal effects on both cardiovascular and respiratory systems, and since this dose is greater than that proposed for organophosphate poisoning in humans, it seems likely that this drug would not cause important effects in normal humans when used as a protective agent.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77957183161&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=77957183161&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/toxsci/12.3.432
DO - 10.1093/toxsci/12.3.432
M3 - Article
C2 - 2731658
AN - SCOPUS:77957183161
VL - 12
SP - 432
EP - 441
JO - Toxicological Sciences
JF - Toxicological Sciences
SN - 1096-6080
IS - 3
ER -