TY - JOUR
T1 - Interleukin-1β orchestrates underlying inflammatory responses in microglia via Krüppel-like factor 4
AU - Kaushik, Deepak K.
AU - Thounaojam, Menaka C.
AU - Kumawat, Kanhaiya L.
AU - Gupta, Malvika
AU - Basu, Anirban
PY - 2013/10
Y1 - 2013/10
N2 - Microglia are the resident macrophages of the CNS, which secrete several pro- and anti-inflammatory cyto-chemokines including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), in response to pathogenic stimuli. Once secreted, IL-1β binds to IL-1 receptor present on microglia and initiates the production of inflammatory cytokines in microglia. However, the detailed information regarding the molecular mechanisms of IL-1β triggered inflammatory pathways in microglia is lacking. Our studies focused on the role of Krüppel-like factor 4 (Klf4) in mediating the regulation of pro-inflammatory gene expression upon IL-1β stimulation in microglia. Our studies show that stimulation of microglia with IL-1β robustly induces Klf4 via PI3K/Akt pathway which positively regulates the production of endogenous IL-1β as well as other pro-inflammatory markers, cyclooxygenase-2, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin-6 (IL-6). In addition, we report that Klf4 negatively regulates the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, thereby playing a key role in regulating the immunomodulatory activities of microglia. IL-1β is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine which regulates inflammation in brain via activation of microglia. In this regard, we unravelled mechanisms for IL-1β mediated regulation of downstream Cox-2, iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) as well as other cyto-chemokines in microglia and have established a role for Klf4 in mediating microglial activation. We further report that Klf4 mediates the production of endogenous IL-1β in response to exogenous IL-1β stimulation. We hereby propose a novel transcription factor underlying IL-1β mediated modulation of inflammation in the CNS. IL-1β is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine which regulates inflammation in brain via activation of microglia. In this regard, we unravelled mechanisms for IL-1β mediated regulation of downstream Cox-2, iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) as well as other cyto-chemokines in microglia and have established a role for Klf4 in mediating microglial activation. We further report that Klf4 mediates the production of endogenous IL-1β in response to exogenous IL-1β stimulation. We hereby propose a novel transcription factor underlying IL-1β mediated modulation of inflammation in the CNS.
AB - Microglia are the resident macrophages of the CNS, which secrete several pro- and anti-inflammatory cyto-chemokines including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), in response to pathogenic stimuli. Once secreted, IL-1β binds to IL-1 receptor present on microglia and initiates the production of inflammatory cytokines in microglia. However, the detailed information regarding the molecular mechanisms of IL-1β triggered inflammatory pathways in microglia is lacking. Our studies focused on the role of Krüppel-like factor 4 (Klf4) in mediating the regulation of pro-inflammatory gene expression upon IL-1β stimulation in microglia. Our studies show that stimulation of microglia with IL-1β robustly induces Klf4 via PI3K/Akt pathway which positively regulates the production of endogenous IL-1β as well as other pro-inflammatory markers, cyclooxygenase-2, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin-6 (IL-6). In addition, we report that Klf4 negatively regulates the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, thereby playing a key role in regulating the immunomodulatory activities of microglia. IL-1β is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine which regulates inflammation in brain via activation of microglia. In this regard, we unravelled mechanisms for IL-1β mediated regulation of downstream Cox-2, iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) as well as other cyto-chemokines in microglia and have established a role for Klf4 in mediating microglial activation. We further report that Klf4 mediates the production of endogenous IL-1β in response to exogenous IL-1β stimulation. We hereby propose a novel transcription factor underlying IL-1β mediated modulation of inflammation in the CNS. IL-1β is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine which regulates inflammation in brain via activation of microglia. In this regard, we unravelled mechanisms for IL-1β mediated regulation of downstream Cox-2, iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) as well as other cyto-chemokines in microglia and have established a role for Klf4 in mediating microglial activation. We further report that Klf4 mediates the production of endogenous IL-1β in response to exogenous IL-1β stimulation. We hereby propose a novel transcription factor underlying IL-1β mediated modulation of inflammation in the CNS.
KW - Krüppel-like factor 4
KW - brain
KW - cytokines
KW - iNOS
KW - neuroinflammation
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U2 - 10.1111/jnc.12382
DO - 10.1111/jnc.12382
M3 - Article
C2 - 23895397
AN - SCOPUS:84885402134
SN - 0022-3042
VL - 127
SP - 233
EP - 244
JO - Journal of Neurochemistry
JF - Journal of Neurochemistry
IS - 2
ER -