TY - JOUR
T1 - Natural History of Persistently Elevated Prostate Specific Antigen After Radical Prostatectomy
T2 - Results From the SEARCH Database
AU - Moreira, Daniel M.
AU - Presti, Joseph C.
AU - Aronson, William J.
AU - Terris, Martha K.
AU - Kane, Christopher J.
AU - Amling, Christopher L.
AU - Freedland, Stephen J.
N1 - Funding Information:
Supported by Department of Veterans Affairs, National Institute of Health R01CA100938 (WJA), National Institutes of Health Specialized Programs of Research Excellence Grant P50 CA92131-01A1 (WJA), Georgia Cancer Coalition (MKT), Department of Defense, Prostate Cancer Research Program (SJF) and American Urological Association Foundation/Astellas Rising Star in Urology Award (SJF).
PY - 2009/11
Y1 - 2009/11
N2 - Purpose: We examined natural history, predictors of biochemical recurrence and all cause mortality in patients with persistently elevated prostate specific antigen after radical prostatectomy in the Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital cohort. Materials and Methods: We reviewed data on 1,156 men treated with radical prostatectomy after 1997. Prostate specific antigen persistence was defined as failure to achieve prostate specific antigen less than 0.03 ng/ml within 6 months postoperatively. Disease-free and overall survival was compared between men with and without persistence using the log rank test. Predictors of biochemical recurrence and all cause death were analyzed using the Cox model. Results: A total of 291 men (25%) had persistence, which was associated with increased biochemical recurrence and all cause death (p <0.001 and 0.041, respectively). In patients with persistence 1 and 5-year biochemical recurrence-free survival was 68% and 36%, significantly lower than 95% and 72%, respectively, in men without persistence. Ten-year overall survival in patients with vs without persistence was 63% vs 80%. In men with persistence independent predictors of prostate specific antigen recurrence were higher prostate specific antigen nadir (HR 2.19, p <0.001), positive surgical margins (HR 1.75, p = 0.022) and high pathological Gleason score (8-10 vs 2-6 HR 2.40, p = 0.026). Independent predictors of overall mortality were a higher prostate specific antigen nadir (HR 1.46, p = 0.013) and seminal vesicle invasion (HR 3.15, p = 0.047). Conclusions: Prostate specific antigen persistence is associated with increased biochemical recurrence and overall mortality. In men with persistence the prostate specific antigen nadir is an independent predictor of recurrence and mortality. Thus, prostate specific antigen persistence and nadir are important tools for early postoperative risk stratification.
AB - Purpose: We examined natural history, predictors of biochemical recurrence and all cause mortality in patients with persistently elevated prostate specific antigen after radical prostatectomy in the Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital cohort. Materials and Methods: We reviewed data on 1,156 men treated with radical prostatectomy after 1997. Prostate specific antigen persistence was defined as failure to achieve prostate specific antigen less than 0.03 ng/ml within 6 months postoperatively. Disease-free and overall survival was compared between men with and without persistence using the log rank test. Predictors of biochemical recurrence and all cause death were analyzed using the Cox model. Results: A total of 291 men (25%) had persistence, which was associated with increased biochemical recurrence and all cause death (p <0.001 and 0.041, respectively). In patients with persistence 1 and 5-year biochemical recurrence-free survival was 68% and 36%, significantly lower than 95% and 72%, respectively, in men without persistence. Ten-year overall survival in patients with vs without persistence was 63% vs 80%. In men with persistence independent predictors of prostate specific antigen recurrence were higher prostate specific antigen nadir (HR 2.19, p <0.001), positive surgical margins (HR 1.75, p = 0.022) and high pathological Gleason score (8-10 vs 2-6 HR 2.40, p = 0.026). Independent predictors of overall mortality were a higher prostate specific antigen nadir (HR 1.46, p = 0.013) and seminal vesicle invasion (HR 3.15, p = 0.047). Conclusions: Prostate specific antigen persistence is associated with increased biochemical recurrence and overall mortality. In men with persistence the prostate specific antigen nadir is an independent predictor of recurrence and mortality. Thus, prostate specific antigen persistence and nadir are important tools for early postoperative risk stratification.
KW - mortality
KW - prostate
KW - prostate-specific antigen
KW - prostatectomy
KW - prostatic neoplasms
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U2 - 10.1016/j.juro.2009.07.022
DO - 10.1016/j.juro.2009.07.022
M3 - Article
C2 - 19758614
AN - SCOPUS:70350469978
SN - 0022-5347
VL - 182
SP - 2250
EP - 2256
JO - Journal of Urology
JF - Journal of Urology
IS - 5
ER -