TY - JOUR
T1 - New antiepileptic drugs
T2 - Focus on ezogabine, clobazam, and perampanel
AU - Rudzinski, Leslie A.
AU - Vlez-Ruiz, Nayme J.
AU - Gedzelman, Evan R.
AU - Mauricio, Elizabeth A.
AU - Shih, Jerry J.
AU - Karakis, Ioannis
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2016 American Federation for Medical Research.
PY - 2016/8/1
Y1 - 2016/8/1
N2 - Ezogabine, clobazam, and perampanel are among the newest antiseizure drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration between 2011 and 2012. Ezogabine and perampanel are approved for adjunctive treatment of partial epilepsy. Perampanel is also approved for adjunctive treatment of primary generalized tonicclonic seizures. Ezogabine and perampanel have novel mechanisms of action. Ezogabine binds to voltage-gated potassium channels and increases the M-current thereby causing membrane hyperpolarization. Perampanel is a selective, non-competitive 2-amino-3-(3- hydroxy-5-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl)propanoic acid receptor antagonist, which reduces neuronal excitation. Clobazam has been used worldwide since the 1970s and is approved for adjunctive treatment of seizures associated with Lennox- Gastaut syndrome. Clobazam is the only 1,5- benzodiazepine currently in clinical use, which is less sedating than the commonly used 1,4- benzodiazepines. Phase III multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials demonstrated efficacy and good tolerability of these 3 new antiepileptic drugs. These drugs represent a welcome addition to the armamentarium of practitioners, but it remains to be seen how they will affect the landscape of pharmacoresistant epilepsy.
AB - Ezogabine, clobazam, and perampanel are among the newest antiseizure drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration between 2011 and 2012. Ezogabine and perampanel are approved for adjunctive treatment of partial epilepsy. Perampanel is also approved for adjunctive treatment of primary generalized tonicclonic seizures. Ezogabine and perampanel have novel mechanisms of action. Ezogabine binds to voltage-gated potassium channels and increases the M-current thereby causing membrane hyperpolarization. Perampanel is a selective, non-competitive 2-amino-3-(3- hydroxy-5-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl)propanoic acid receptor antagonist, which reduces neuronal excitation. Clobazam has been used worldwide since the 1970s and is approved for adjunctive treatment of seizures associated with Lennox- Gastaut syndrome. Clobazam is the only 1,5- benzodiazepine currently in clinical use, which is less sedating than the commonly used 1,4- benzodiazepines. Phase III multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials demonstrated efficacy and good tolerability of these 3 new antiepileptic drugs. These drugs represent a welcome addition to the armamentarium of practitioners, but it remains to be seen how they will affect the landscape of pharmacoresistant epilepsy.
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U2 - 10.1136/jim-2016-000151
DO - 10.1136/jim-2016-000151
M3 - Review article
C2 - 27252470
AN - SCOPUS:85006097024
SN - 1081-5589
VL - 64
SP - 1087
EP - 1101
JO - Journal of Investigative Medicine
JF - Journal of Investigative Medicine
IS - 6
ER -