Optical properties of aluminophosphate glasses containing silver, tin, and dysprosium

The spectroscopic properties of a Dy³⁺-doped aluminophosphate glass containing silver and tin were reported. Different oxidation and aggregation states of silver were obtained by varying silver concentration and glass thermal history. The addition of silver and tin at the lowest concentration studied results in Dy³⁺ ions emission under nonresonant UV excitation in connection with the appearance of an excitation band around 270 nm, which is associated to isolated Ag⁺ ions and twofold-coordinated Sn centers. The increase in silver and tin concentration leads to a broadening of aforementioned band and to the presence of charged silver dimers as evidenced by the appearance of an excitation band around 330 nm. The data indicated that light absorption might take place at ionic silver species and twofold-coordinated Sn centers, followed by energy transfer to Dy³⁺ ions. After heat treatment, ionic silver species were reduced to atomic Ag by tin with the subsequent formation of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) inside the dielectric host. A quenching effect in Dy³⁺ ions luminescence was shown with the presence of the Ag NPs, most notably for excitation of ⁶H_15/2 → ⁴F_9/2, ⁴I_15/2, ⁴G_11/2 transitions, which were in resonance with the dipole absorption mode of the particles. The silver NPs were believed to provide radiationless pathways for excitation energy loss in Dy³⁺ ions.