TY - JOUR
T1 - Perivascular Adipocytes in Vascular Disease
AU - Kim, Ha Won
AU - Belin de Chantemèle, Eric J.
AU - Weintraub, Neal L.
PY - 2019/11/1
Y1 - 2019/11/1
N2 - Perivascular adipocytes residing in the vascular adventitia are recognized as distinct endocrine cells capable of responding to inflammatory stimuli and communicating with the sympathetic nervous system and adjacent blood vessel cells, thereby releasing adipocytokines and other signaling mediators to maintain vascular homeostasis. Perivascular adipocytes exhibit phenotypic heterogeneity (both white and brown adipocytes) and become dysfunctional in conditions, such as diet-induced obesity, thus promoting vascular inflammation, vasoconstriction, and smooth muscle cell proliferation to potentially contribute to the development of vascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and aortic aneurysms. Although accumulating data have advanced our understanding of the role of perivascular adipocytes in modulating vascular function, their impact on vascular disease, particularly in humans, remains to be fully defined. This brief review will discuss the mechanisms whereby perivascular adipocytes regulate vascular disease, with a particular emphasis on recent findings and current limitations in the field of research.
AB - Perivascular adipocytes residing in the vascular adventitia are recognized as distinct endocrine cells capable of responding to inflammatory stimuli and communicating with the sympathetic nervous system and adjacent blood vessel cells, thereby releasing adipocytokines and other signaling mediators to maintain vascular homeostasis. Perivascular adipocytes exhibit phenotypic heterogeneity (both white and brown adipocytes) and become dysfunctional in conditions, such as diet-induced obesity, thus promoting vascular inflammation, vasoconstriction, and smooth muscle cell proliferation to potentially contribute to the development of vascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and aortic aneurysms. Although accumulating data have advanced our understanding of the role of perivascular adipocytes in modulating vascular function, their impact on vascular disease, particularly in humans, remains to be fully defined. This brief review will discuss the mechanisms whereby perivascular adipocytes regulate vascular disease, with a particular emphasis on recent findings and current limitations in the field of research.
KW - adipocyte
KW - adipokine
KW - inflammation
KW - obesity
KW - vasculopathy
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U2 - 10.1161/ATVBAHA.119.312304
DO - 10.1161/ATVBAHA.119.312304
M3 - Review article
C2 - 31510794
AN - SCOPUS:85074118353
SN - 1079-5642
VL - 39
SP - 2220
EP - 2227
JO - Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology
JF - Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology
IS - 11
ER -