TY - JOUR
T1 - Plasma levels of the beta chemokine regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed, and secreted (RANTES) correlate with severe brain injury
AU - Lumpkins, Kimberly
AU - Bochicchio, Grant V.
AU - Zagol, Bradley
AU - Ulloa, Kristian
AU - Simard, J. Marc
AU - Schaub, Stacey
AU - Meyer, Walter
AU - Scalea, Thomas
PY - 2008/2
Y1 - 2008/2
N2 - BACKGROUND: The expression of the beta chemokine RANTES (regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed, and secreted) has previously been shown to be elevated after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in animal models, but it was unknown whether the plasma level of RANTES was predictive of TBI in critically injured trauma patients. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted on 108 critically ill trauma patients. Patients were stratified by radiologic diagnosis of TBI. Severe TBI was classified as the presence of diffuse axonal injury, midline shift, or herniation based on admission head computed tomography findings. Serum levels were evaluated at admission and hospital day 7. RANTES was measured using Luminex multiplex assays. RESULTS: Fifty-four patients with and without TBI were compared. Severe TBI was diagnosed in 23 of the 54 TBI patients (43%) and mild/moderate TBI was found in 31 (57%) patients. The mean age of the study population was 43 ± 20 years with a mean Injury Severity Score of 29 ± 14. There was no significant difference between groups in age, sex, and Injury Severity Score. At admission, RANTES was significantly higher in patients with severe brain injury than in non-TBI patients (mean 1,339 pg/mL vs. 708 pg/mL, p = 0.046), and there was a trend toward significance when comparing patients with severe versus mild/moderate brain injury (mean 1,339 pg/mL vs. 752 pg/mL, p = 0.069). There was no statistically significant difference on day 7. CONCLUSIONS: RANTES was a significant early marker of severe TBI in critically injured trauma patients, consistent with animal models. Future research on the role of RANTES in the pathogenesis of human TBI is warranted.
AB - BACKGROUND: The expression of the beta chemokine RANTES (regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed, and secreted) has previously been shown to be elevated after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in animal models, but it was unknown whether the plasma level of RANTES was predictive of TBI in critically injured trauma patients. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted on 108 critically ill trauma patients. Patients were stratified by radiologic diagnosis of TBI. Severe TBI was classified as the presence of diffuse axonal injury, midline shift, or herniation based on admission head computed tomography findings. Serum levels were evaluated at admission and hospital day 7. RANTES was measured using Luminex multiplex assays. RESULTS: Fifty-four patients with and without TBI were compared. Severe TBI was diagnosed in 23 of the 54 TBI patients (43%) and mild/moderate TBI was found in 31 (57%) patients. The mean age of the study population was 43 ± 20 years with a mean Injury Severity Score of 29 ± 14. There was no significant difference between groups in age, sex, and Injury Severity Score. At admission, RANTES was significantly higher in patients with severe brain injury than in non-TBI patients (mean 1,339 pg/mL vs. 708 pg/mL, p = 0.046), and there was a trend toward significance when comparing patients with severe versus mild/moderate brain injury (mean 1,339 pg/mL vs. 752 pg/mL, p = 0.069). There was no statistically significant difference on day 7. CONCLUSIONS: RANTES was a significant early marker of severe TBI in critically injured trauma patients, consistent with animal models. Future research on the role of RANTES in the pathogenesis of human TBI is warranted.
KW - Cytokine
KW - RANTES
KW - Traumatic brain injury
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U2 - 10.1097/TA.0b013e318160df9b
DO - 10.1097/TA.0b013e318160df9b
M3 - Article
C2 - 18301198
AN - SCOPUS:43149091698
SN - 0022-5282
VL - 64
SP - 358
EP - 361
JO - Journal of Trauma - Injury, Infection and Critical Care
JF - Journal of Trauma - Injury, Infection and Critical Care
IS - 2
ER -