TY - JOUR
T1 - Pulmonary hemodynamic response to acute combination and monotherapy with sildenafil and brain natriuretic peptide in rats with monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension
AU - Carlino, Carl
AU - Tobias, Joseph D.
AU - Schneider, Rebecca I.
AU - Heller, Randall L.
AU - Alpert, Martin A.
AU - Grueber, Ryan E.
AU - Dellsperger, Kevin C
AU - Demarco, Vincent G.
PY - 2010/1
Y1 - 2010/1
N2 - Background: The lungs of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) exhibit decreased bioavailability of nitric oxide and downstream signaling through cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Therapies that enhance cGMP-mediated vasodilation have shown efficacy in treating PAH. We tested the hypothesis that combination therapy with sildenafil, a cGMP phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), a receptor-mediated guanosine cyclase stimulator, synergistically attenuates monocrotaline-induced PAH in rats compared with either monotherapy. Methods: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subcutaneously injected with monocrotaline (n = 41, 50 mg/kg). After approximately 4 weeks, the rats were infused intravenously with vehicle solution, sildenafil (42 and 85 μg/kg/min), or BNP (50 and 100 ng/kg/min), alone and in varied combination. The primary endpoint was the relative change in right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and mean arterial systemic pressure (MAP). Secondary endpoints included heart rate and dP/dt. Results: Vehicle infusions did not alter hemodynamic variables. Sildenafil85 (85 μg/kg/min) alone decreased RVSP (-16.6 ± 5.6%) and decreased MAP (-4.0 ± 4.7%). BNP50 (50 ng/kg/min) and BNP100 (100 ng/kg/min) decreased RVSP (-23.3 ± 5.7% and -27.1 ± 2.9%, respectively) and MAP (-6.4 ± 5.8% and -14.3 ± 4.1%, respectively). Combination therapy with sildenafil42 and BNP 50 decreased RVSP (-20.7 ± 5.6%) and showed a lessened systemic effect (MAP = -11.6 ± 5.9%). Combination therapy with sildenafil85 and BNP100 decreased RVSP (-27.6 ± 3.2%, P = NS) and showed increased systemic effect (MAP = -20.7 ± 3.1%, P < 0.05) in comparison with sildenafil85. Conclusions: This study suggests that intravenous administration of both sildenafil and BNP monotherapy produces significant improvement in RVSP, making them potentially viable options for the treatment of PAH, whereas combination therapy produces no additional improvement in pulmonary hemodynamics.
AB - Background: The lungs of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) exhibit decreased bioavailability of nitric oxide and downstream signaling through cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Therapies that enhance cGMP-mediated vasodilation have shown efficacy in treating PAH. We tested the hypothesis that combination therapy with sildenafil, a cGMP phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), a receptor-mediated guanosine cyclase stimulator, synergistically attenuates monocrotaline-induced PAH in rats compared with either monotherapy. Methods: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subcutaneously injected with monocrotaline (n = 41, 50 mg/kg). After approximately 4 weeks, the rats were infused intravenously with vehicle solution, sildenafil (42 and 85 μg/kg/min), or BNP (50 and 100 ng/kg/min), alone and in varied combination. The primary endpoint was the relative change in right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and mean arterial systemic pressure (MAP). Secondary endpoints included heart rate and dP/dt. Results: Vehicle infusions did not alter hemodynamic variables. Sildenafil85 (85 μg/kg/min) alone decreased RVSP (-16.6 ± 5.6%) and decreased MAP (-4.0 ± 4.7%). BNP50 (50 ng/kg/min) and BNP100 (100 ng/kg/min) decreased RVSP (-23.3 ± 5.7% and -27.1 ± 2.9%, respectively) and MAP (-6.4 ± 5.8% and -14.3 ± 4.1%, respectively). Combination therapy with sildenafil42 and BNP 50 decreased RVSP (-20.7 ± 5.6%) and showed a lessened systemic effect (MAP = -11.6 ± 5.9%). Combination therapy with sildenafil85 and BNP100 decreased RVSP (-27.6 ± 3.2%, P = NS) and showed increased systemic effect (MAP = -20.7 ± 3.1%, P < 0.05) in comparison with sildenafil85. Conclusions: This study suggests that intravenous administration of both sildenafil and BNP monotherapy produces significant improvement in RVSP, making them potentially viable options for the treatment of PAH, whereas combination therapy produces no additional improvement in pulmonary hemodynamics.
KW - Cyclic guanosine monophosphate
KW - Natriuretic peptides
KW - Phosphodiesterase inhibitors
KW - Pulmonary arterial hypertension
KW - Sildenafil
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U2 - 10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3181c078d7
DO - 10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3181c078d7
M3 - Article
C2 - 19996941
AN - SCOPUS:75449105815
SN - 0002-9629
VL - 339
SP - 55
EP - 59
JO - American Journal of the Medical Sciences
JF - American Journal of the Medical Sciences
IS - 1
ER -