TY - GEN
T1 - Robustness of the rotor-router mechanism
AU - Bampas, Evangelos
AU - Ga̧sieniec, Leszek
AU - Klasing, Ralf
AU - Kosowski, Adrian
AU - Radzik, Tomasz
PY - 2009
Y1 - 2009
N2 - We consider the model of exploration of an undirected graph G by a single agent which is called the rotor-router mechanism or the Propp machine (among other names). Let πv indicate the edge adjacent to a node v which the agent took on its last exit from v. The next time when the agent enters node v, first a "rotor" at node v advances pointer πv to the edge which is next after the edge πv in a fixed cyclic order of the edges adjacent to v. Then the agent is directed onto edge πv to move to the next node. It was shown before that after initial O(mD) steps, the agent periodically follows one established Eulerian cycle, that is, in each period of 2m consecutive steps the agent traverses each edge exactly twice, once in each direction. The parameters m and D are the number of edges in G and the diameter of G. We investigate robustness of such exploration in presence of faults in the pointers πv or dynamic changes in the graph. We show that after the exploration establishes an Eulerian cycle, (i) if at some step the values of k pointers πv are arbitrarily changed, then a new Eulerian cycle is established within O(km) steps; (ii) if at some step k edges are added to the graph, then a new Eulerian cycle is established within O(km) steps; (iii) if at some step an edge is deleted from the graph, then a new Eulerian cycle is established within O(γm) steps, where γ is the smallest number of edges in a cycle in graph G containing the deleted edge. Our proofs are based on the relation between Eulerian cycles and spanning trees known as the "BEST" Theorem (after de Bruijn, van Aardenne-Ehrenfest, Smith and Tutte).
AB - We consider the model of exploration of an undirected graph G by a single agent which is called the rotor-router mechanism or the Propp machine (among other names). Let πv indicate the edge adjacent to a node v which the agent took on its last exit from v. The next time when the agent enters node v, first a "rotor" at node v advances pointer πv to the edge which is next after the edge πv in a fixed cyclic order of the edges adjacent to v. Then the agent is directed onto edge πv to move to the next node. It was shown before that after initial O(mD) steps, the agent periodically follows one established Eulerian cycle, that is, in each period of 2m consecutive steps the agent traverses each edge exactly twice, once in each direction. The parameters m and D are the number of edges in G and the diameter of G. We investigate robustness of such exploration in presence of faults in the pointers πv or dynamic changes in the graph. We show that after the exploration establishes an Eulerian cycle, (i) if at some step the values of k pointers πv are arbitrarily changed, then a new Eulerian cycle is established within O(km) steps; (ii) if at some step k edges are added to the graph, then a new Eulerian cycle is established within O(km) steps; (iii) if at some step an edge is deleted from the graph, then a new Eulerian cycle is established within O(γm) steps, where γ is the smallest number of edges in a cycle in graph G containing the deleted edge. Our proofs are based on the relation between Eulerian cycles and spanning trees known as the "BEST" Theorem (after de Bruijn, van Aardenne-Ehrenfest, Smith and Tutte).
KW - Dynamic graphs
KW - Graph exploration
KW - Network faults
KW - Propp machine
KW - Rotor-router mechanism
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U2 - 10.1007/978-3-642-10877-8_27
DO - 10.1007/978-3-642-10877-8_27
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:72749090639
SN - 3642108768
SN - 9783642108761
T3 - Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)
SP - 345
EP - 358
BT - Principles of Distributed Systems - 13th International Conference, OPODIS 2009, Proceedings
T2 - 13th International Conference on Principles of Distributed Systems, OPODIS 2009
Y2 - 15 December 2009 through 18 December 2009
ER -