ROS signaling in the pathogenesis of Acute Lung Injury (ALI) and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

Manuela Kellner, Satish Noonepalle, Qing Lu, Anup Srivastava, Evgeny Zemskov, Stephen M. Black

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapter

254 Scopus citations

Abstract

The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays an important role for the maintenance of cellular processes and functions in the body. However, the excessive generation of oxygen radicals under pathological conditions such as acute lung injury (ALI) and its most severe form acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) leads to increased endothelial permeability. Within this hallmark of ALI and ARDS, vascular microvessels lose their junctional integrity and show increased myosin contractions that promote the migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and the transition of solutes and fluids in the alveolar lumen. These processes all have a redox component, and this chapter focuses on the role played by ROS during the development of ALI/ARDS. We discuss the origins of ROS within the cell, cellular defense mechanisms against oxidative damage, the role of ROS in the development of endothelial permeability, and potential therapies targeted at oxidative stress.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Title of host publicationAdvances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
PublisherSpringer New York LLC
Pages105-137
Number of pages33
DOIs
StatePublished - 2017
Externally publishedYes

Publication series

NameAdvances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
Volume967
ISSN (Print)0065-2598
ISSN (Electronic)2214-8019

Keywords

  • Catalase
  • Cytochrome P450
  • Glutathione
  • Lung injury
  • Mitochondrial respiratory chain
  • NADPH oxidase
  • Nitric oxide synthase
  • Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
  • Pulmonary endothelial cell
  • Reactive oxygen species
  • Superoxide dismutase
  • Xanthine oxidase

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

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