Sex Differences in Gulf War Illness: A Reanalysis of Data from the CDC Air Force Study Using CDC and Modified Kansas Case Definitions

Vahé Heboyan; Maxine H. Krengel; Kimberly Sullivan; Stacey Iobst; Nancy Klimas; Candy Wilson; Steven S. Coughlin

doi:10.1097/JOM.0000000000001620

Sex Differences in Gulf War Illness: A Reanalysis of Data from the CDC Air Force Study Using CDC and Modified Kansas Case Definitions

Vahé Heboyan, Maxine H. Krengel, Kimberly Sullivan, Stacey Iobst, Nancy Klimas, Candy Wilson, Steven S. Coughlin

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

12 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective:Estimate and compare the prevalence of Gulf War Illness (GWI) in male and female Gulf War veterans using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and modified Kansas case definitions.Methods:Data from the landmark CDC Air Force Study of GW Air Force veterans is used.Results:Nearly half of the deployed veterans met the GWI CDC case definition compared with 14% of non-deployed veterans. Only 29% met the definition using the modified Kansas criteria compared with 8% of non-deployed veterans. Deployed veterans and female veterans exhibited significantly higher GWI risk. Female GW veterans had higher rates of severe and mild-to-moderate cases of GWI.Conclusion:Results suggest increased GWI rates based on CDC and modified Kansas criteria among deployed and female veterans. Further research is needed to examine the chronic health outcomes of female GW veterans independently.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	610-616
Number of pages	7
Journal	Journal of occupational and environmental medicine
Volume	61
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000001620
State	Published - Jul 1 2019

Keywords

epidemiology
gulf war illness
gulf war veterans
sex differences
symptoms

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1097/JOM.0000000000001620

Cite this

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title = "Sex Differences in Gulf War Illness: A Reanalysis of Data from the CDC Air Force Study Using CDC and Modified Kansas Case Definitions",

abstract = "Objective:Estimate and compare the prevalence of Gulf War Illness (GWI) in male and female Gulf War veterans using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and modified Kansas case definitions.Methods:Data from the landmark CDC Air Force Study of GW Air Force veterans is used.Results:Nearly half of the deployed veterans met the GWI CDC case definition compared with 14% of non-deployed veterans. Only 29% met the definition using the modified Kansas criteria compared with 8% of non-deployed veterans. Deployed veterans and female veterans exhibited significantly higher GWI risk. Female GW veterans had higher rates of severe and mild-to-moderate cases of GWI.Conclusion:Results suggest increased GWI rates based on CDC and modified Kansas criteria among deployed and female veterans. Further research is needed to examine the chronic health outcomes of female GW veterans independently.",

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note = "Funding Information: Authors declare no conflict of interest except that this study is funded by a research grant from the Department of Defense as acknowledged below. Funding Information: This work was supported by the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs, through the Gulf War Illness Research Program under Award No. W81XWH-16-1-0774. The authors gratefully acknowledge survey data provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (the Air Force Study). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved. Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",

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language = "English (US)",

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AU - Sullivan, Kimberly

AU - Iobst, Stacey

AU - Klimas, Nancy

AU - Wilson, Candy

AU - Coughlin, Steven S.

N1 - Funding Information: Authors declare no conflict of interest except that this study is funded by a research grant from the Department of Defense as acknowledged below. Funding Information: This work was supported by the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs, through the Gulf War Illness Research Program under Award No. W81XWH-16-1-0774. The authors gratefully acknowledge survey data provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (the Air Force Study). Publisher Copyright: © 2019 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved. Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2019/7/1

Y1 - 2019/7/1

N2 - Objective:Estimate and compare the prevalence of Gulf War Illness (GWI) in male and female Gulf War veterans using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and modified Kansas case definitions.Methods:Data from the landmark CDC Air Force Study of GW Air Force veterans is used.Results:Nearly half of the deployed veterans met the GWI CDC case definition compared with 14% of non-deployed veterans. Only 29% met the definition using the modified Kansas criteria compared with 8% of non-deployed veterans. Deployed veterans and female veterans exhibited significantly higher GWI risk. Female GW veterans had higher rates of severe and mild-to-moderate cases of GWI.Conclusion:Results suggest increased GWI rates based on CDC and modified Kansas criteria among deployed and female veterans. Further research is needed to examine the chronic health outcomes of female GW veterans independently.

AB - Objective:Estimate and compare the prevalence of Gulf War Illness (GWI) in male and female Gulf War veterans using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and modified Kansas case definitions.Methods:Data from the landmark CDC Air Force Study of GW Air Force veterans is used.Results:Nearly half of the deployed veterans met the GWI CDC case definition compared with 14% of non-deployed veterans. Only 29% met the definition using the modified Kansas criteria compared with 8% of non-deployed veterans. Deployed veterans and female veterans exhibited significantly higher GWI risk. Female GW veterans had higher rates of severe and mild-to-moderate cases of GWI.Conclusion:Results suggest increased GWI rates based on CDC and modified Kansas criteria among deployed and female veterans. Further research is needed to examine the chronic health outcomes of female GW veterans independently.

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Sex Differences in Gulf War Illness: A Reanalysis of Data from the CDC Air Force Study Using CDC and Modified Kansas Case Definitions

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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