Abstract
Objective: The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of a 10-month after-school physical activity (PA) program on body composition and cardiovascular (CV) fitness in young black girls. Research Methods and Procedures: Subjects were 8- to 12-year-olds recruited from elementary schools. Body composition was measured using anthropometrics {waist circumference and BMI, DXA [percentage body fat (%BF)] and bone mineral density (BMD)}, and magnetic resonance imaging [visceral adipose tissue (VAT)]. CV fitness was measured using a graded treadmill test. The intervention consisted of 30 minutes homework/healthy snack time and 80 minutes PA (i.e., 25 minutes skills instruction, 35 minutes aerobic PA, and 20 minutes strengthening/stretching). Analyses were adjusted for age, baseline value of the dependent variable, and sexual maturation (pediatrician observation). Results: Mean attendance was 54%. Compared with the control group, the intervention group had a relative decrease in %BF (p < 0.0001), BMI (p < 0.01), and VAT (p < 0.01) and a relative increase in BMD (p < 0.0001) and CV fitness (p < 0.05). Higher attendance was associated with greater increases in BMD (p < 0.05) and greater decreases in %BF (p < 0.01) and BMI (p < 0.05). Higher heart rate during PA was associated with greater increases in BMD (p < 0.05) and greater decreases in %BF (p < 0.005). Discussion: An after-school PA program can lead to beneficial changes in body composition and CV fitness in young black girls. It is noteworthy that the control and intervention groups differed in change in VAT but not waist circumference. This suggests that changes in central adiposity can occur in response to PA, even in young children, but that waist circumference may not be a good indicator of central adiposity.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 2077-2085 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Journal | Obesity |
| Volume | 15 |
| Issue number | 8 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Aug 1 2007 |
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Keywords
- Adiposity
- Bone mineral density
- Children
- Physical activity
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Medicine (miscellaneous)
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
- Endocrinology
- Nutrition and Dietetics
Cite this
Ten months of exercise improves general and visceral adiposity, bone, and fitness in black girls. / Barbeau, Paule; Johnson, Maribeth H; Howe, Cheryl A.; Allison, Jerry David; Davis, Catherine Lucy; Gutin, Bernard; Lemmon, Christian.
In: Obesity, Vol. 15, No. 8, 01.08.2007, p. 2077-2085.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Ten months of exercise improves general and visceral adiposity, bone, and fitness in black girls
AU - Barbeau, Paule
AU - Johnson, Maribeth H
AU - Howe, Cheryl A.
AU - Allison, Jerry David
AU - Davis, Catherine Lucy
AU - Gutin, Bernard
AU - Lemmon, Christian
PY - 2007/8/1
Y1 - 2007/8/1
N2 - Objective: The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of a 10-month after-school physical activity (PA) program on body composition and cardiovascular (CV) fitness in young black girls. Research Methods and Procedures: Subjects were 8- to 12-year-olds recruited from elementary schools. Body composition was measured using anthropometrics {waist circumference and BMI, DXA [percentage body fat (%BF)] and bone mineral density (BMD)}, and magnetic resonance imaging [visceral adipose tissue (VAT)]. CV fitness was measured using a graded treadmill test. The intervention consisted of 30 minutes homework/healthy snack time and 80 minutes PA (i.e., 25 minutes skills instruction, 35 minutes aerobic PA, and 20 minutes strengthening/stretching). Analyses were adjusted for age, baseline value of the dependent variable, and sexual maturation (pediatrician observation). Results: Mean attendance was 54%. Compared with the control group, the intervention group had a relative decrease in %BF (p < 0.0001), BMI (p < 0.01), and VAT (p < 0.01) and a relative increase in BMD (p < 0.0001) and CV fitness (p < 0.05). Higher attendance was associated with greater increases in BMD (p < 0.05) and greater decreases in %BF (p < 0.01) and BMI (p < 0.05). Higher heart rate during PA was associated with greater increases in BMD (p < 0.05) and greater decreases in %BF (p < 0.005). Discussion: An after-school PA program can lead to beneficial changes in body composition and CV fitness in young black girls. It is noteworthy that the control and intervention groups differed in change in VAT but not waist circumference. This suggests that changes in central adiposity can occur in response to PA, even in young children, but that waist circumference may not be a good indicator of central adiposity.
AB - Objective: The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of a 10-month after-school physical activity (PA) program on body composition and cardiovascular (CV) fitness in young black girls. Research Methods and Procedures: Subjects were 8- to 12-year-olds recruited from elementary schools. Body composition was measured using anthropometrics {waist circumference and BMI, DXA [percentage body fat (%BF)] and bone mineral density (BMD)}, and magnetic resonance imaging [visceral adipose tissue (VAT)]. CV fitness was measured using a graded treadmill test. The intervention consisted of 30 minutes homework/healthy snack time and 80 minutes PA (i.e., 25 minutes skills instruction, 35 minutes aerobic PA, and 20 minutes strengthening/stretching). Analyses were adjusted for age, baseline value of the dependent variable, and sexual maturation (pediatrician observation). Results: Mean attendance was 54%. Compared with the control group, the intervention group had a relative decrease in %BF (p < 0.0001), BMI (p < 0.01), and VAT (p < 0.01) and a relative increase in BMD (p < 0.0001) and CV fitness (p < 0.05). Higher attendance was associated with greater increases in BMD (p < 0.05) and greater decreases in %BF (p < 0.01) and BMI (p < 0.05). Higher heart rate during PA was associated with greater increases in BMD (p < 0.05) and greater decreases in %BF (p < 0.005). Discussion: An after-school PA program can lead to beneficial changes in body composition and CV fitness in young black girls. It is noteworthy that the control and intervention groups differed in change in VAT but not waist circumference. This suggests that changes in central adiposity can occur in response to PA, even in young children, but that waist circumference may not be a good indicator of central adiposity.
KW - Adiposity
KW - Bone mineral density
KW - Children
KW - Physical activity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=34548648830&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=34548648830&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/oby.2007.247
DO - 10.1038/oby.2007.247
M3 - Article
C2 - 17712126
AN - SCOPUS:34548648830
VL - 15
SP - 2077
EP - 2085
JO - Obesity
JF - Obesity
SN - 1930-7381
IS - 8
ER -