TY - JOUR
T1 - The expression and functions of glycoconjugates in neural stem cells
AU - Yanagisawa, Makoto
AU - Yu, Robert K.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by grants from National Institutes of Health (NS11853, AG 027199, and NS26994) and a grant from the Children’s Medical Research Foundation. We thank Ms Diana Westbrook for her expert editorial assistance. We also thank Ms Sathaporn Ngamukote for her technical help.
PY - 2007/7
Y1 - 2007/7
N2 - The mammalian central nervous system is organized by a variety of cells such as neurons and glial cells. These cells are generated from a common progenitor, the neural stem cell (NSC). NSCs are defined as undifferentiated neural cells that are characterized by their high proliferative potential while retaining the capacity for self-renewal and multipotency. Glycoconjugates carrying carbohydrate antigens, including glycoproteins, glycolipids, and proteoglycans, are primarily localized on the plasma-membrane surface of cells and serve as excellent biomarkers at various stages of cellular differentiation. Moreover, they also play important functional roles in determining cell fate such as self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation. In the present review, we discuss the expression pattern and possible functions of glycoconjugates and carbohydrate antigens in NSCs, with an emphasis on stage-specific embryonic antigen-1, human natural killer antigen-1, polysialic acid-neural cell-adhesion molecule, prominin-1, gp130, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, heparan sulfate proteoglycans, cystatin C, galectin-1, glycolipids, and Notch.
AB - The mammalian central nervous system is organized by a variety of cells such as neurons and glial cells. These cells are generated from a common progenitor, the neural stem cell (NSC). NSCs are defined as undifferentiated neural cells that are characterized by their high proliferative potential while retaining the capacity for self-renewal and multipotency. Glycoconjugates carrying carbohydrate antigens, including glycoproteins, glycolipids, and proteoglycans, are primarily localized on the plasma-membrane surface of cells and serve as excellent biomarkers at various stages of cellular differentiation. Moreover, they also play important functional roles in determining cell fate such as self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation. In the present review, we discuss the expression pattern and possible functions of glycoconjugates and carbohydrate antigens in NSCs, with an emphasis on stage-specific embryonic antigen-1, human natural killer antigen-1, polysialic acid-neural cell-adhesion molecule, prominin-1, gp130, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, heparan sulfate proteoglycans, cystatin C, galectin-1, glycolipids, and Notch.
KW - Development
KW - Glycolipids
KW - Glycoproteins
KW - Niche
KW - Proteoglycans
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=34447304629&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=34447304629&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/glycob/cwm018
DO - 10.1093/glycob/cwm018
M3 - Review article
C2 - 17307762
AN - SCOPUS:34447304629
SN - 0959-6658
VL - 17
SP - 57R-74R
JO - Glycobiology
JF - Glycobiology
IS - 7
ER -