TY - JOUR
T1 - The use of apocynin inhibits osteoclastogenesis
AU - Soares, Mariana Pena Ribeiro
AU - Silva, Danielle Pereira
AU - Uehara, Isadora Akemi
AU - Ramos, Erivan Schnaider
AU - Alabarse, Paulo Vinicius Gil
AU - Fukada, Sandra Yasuyo
AU - da Luz, Felipe Cordero
AU - Vieira, Leda Quercia
AU - Oliveira, Ana Paula Lima
AU - Silva, Marcelo José Barbosa
N1 - Funding Information:
We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Brazilian agencies CAPES, CNPq (project number 444744/ 2014-2), and FAPEMIG. We are thankful to the Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
Funding Information:
We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Brazilian agencies CAPES, CNPq (project number 444744/2014-2), and FAPEMIG. We are thankful to the Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of S?o Paulo, Brazil.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 International Federation for Cell Biology
PY - 2019/5
Y1 - 2019/5
N2 - Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced by NADPH oxidase (NOX), an enzyme that reduces oxygen by using NADPH as a substrate. Apocynin (APO) is a catechol that is used as a NOX inhibitor, and N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) can reduce intracellular ROS levels. In this work, the effect of APO and NAC on osteoclast formation were evaluated. APO and NAC significantly decreased the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cells and the osteoclast area. We analyzed bone-marrow derived monocyte-macrophages (BMMs) that differentiated into osteoclasts after RANKL stimulation. Stimulation was associated with either APO or NAC treatment and osteoclastogenesis marker expression, including NFATc1, MMP-9, and DC-STAMP, was evaluated. APO decreased the intracellular calcium concentration by calcium channels other than ITPR1 and TPC2. On the other hand, APO reduced Tnfrsf11a (RANK) expression and did not alter Fam102a (EEIG1) expression. Therefore, our results demonstrate that APO inhibits osteoclastogenesis by the RANK-RANKL-related signaling pathways, decreases osteoclast markers, and reduces intracellular calcium concentration.
AB - Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced by NADPH oxidase (NOX), an enzyme that reduces oxygen by using NADPH as a substrate. Apocynin (APO) is a catechol that is used as a NOX inhibitor, and N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) can reduce intracellular ROS levels. In this work, the effect of APO and NAC on osteoclast formation were evaluated. APO and NAC significantly decreased the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cells and the osteoclast area. We analyzed bone-marrow derived monocyte-macrophages (BMMs) that differentiated into osteoclasts after RANKL stimulation. Stimulation was associated with either APO or NAC treatment and osteoclastogenesis marker expression, including NFATc1, MMP-9, and DC-STAMP, was evaluated. APO decreased the intracellular calcium concentration by calcium channels other than ITPR1 and TPC2. On the other hand, APO reduced Tnfrsf11a (RANK) expression and did not alter Fam102a (EEIG1) expression. Therefore, our results demonstrate that APO inhibits osteoclastogenesis by the RANK-RANKL-related signaling pathways, decreases osteoclast markers, and reduces intracellular calcium concentration.
KW - NAC
KW - NADPH
KW - RANK
KW - ROS
KW - apocynin
KW - osteoclasts
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U2 - 10.1002/cbin.11110
DO - 10.1002/cbin.11110
M3 - Article
C2 - 30761659
AN - SCOPUS:85063105133
SN - 1065-6995
VL - 43
SP - 466
EP - 475
JO - Cell Biology International Reports
JF - Cell Biology International Reports
IS - 5
ER -