CD24 mediates rolling of breast carcinoma cellson P-selectin

P-selectin mediates rolling of neutrophils and other leukocytes on activated endothelial cells and platelets through binding to P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1). Certain PSGL-1 negative tumor cell lines can bind P-selectin under static conditions through the GPI-linked surface mucin, CD24, but the physiological significance of this interaction and whether it can occur under flow conditions is not known. Here, we show that CD24⁺ PSGL- 1^- KS breast carcinoma cells attach to and roll on recombinant P-selectin under a continuous wall shear stress, although at a lower density and higher velocity than CD24⁺ PSGL-1⁺ cells, such as HL-60. Adding excess soluble CD24 or removing CD24 from the cell surface with phosphatidylinositol- phospholipase C (PI-PLC) significantly reduced KS cell rolling on P-selectin. The ability of KS cells to roll on P-selectin was positively correlated with the CD24 expression level. Comparison with three other CD24⁺ cell lines established that expression of sialyl-Lewis(x) antigen was also necessary for CD24-mediated rolling on P-selectin. CD24 purified from KS cells supported rolling of P-selectin transfectants, but not L-selectin transfectants. Finally, KS cells rolled on vascular endothelium in vivo in a P-selectin- dependent manner. Together our data show that CD24 serves as a ligand for P- selectin under physiological flow conditions. Interaction of tumor cells with P-selectin via CD24 may be an important adhesion pathway in cancer metastasis.