TY - JOUR
T1 - Neurological consequences of COVID-19
T2 - What have we learned and where do we go from here?
AU - Jarrahi, Abbas
AU - Ahluwalia, Meenakshi
AU - Khodadadi, Hesam
AU - Da Silva Lopes Salles, Evila
AU - Kolhe, Ravindra
AU - Hess, David C.
AU - Vale, Fernando
AU - Kumar, Manish
AU - Baban, Babak
AU - Vaibhav, Kumar
AU - Dhandapani, Krishnan M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Author(s).
PY - 2020/9/30
Y1 - 2020/9/30
N2 - The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic is an unprecedented worldwide health crisis. COVID-19 is caused by SARS-CoV-2, a highly infectious pathogen that is genetically similar to SARS-CoV. Similar to other recent coronavirus outbreaks, including SARS and MERS, SARS-CoV-2 infected patients typically present with fever, dry cough, fatigue, and lower respiratory system dysfunction, including high rates of pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); however, a rapidly accumulating set of clinical studies revealed atypical symptoms of COVID-19 that involve neurological signs, including headaches, anosmia, nausea, dysgeusia, damage to respiratory centers, and cerebral infarction. These unexpected findings may provide important clues regarding the pathological sequela of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, no efficacious therapies or vaccines are currently available, complicating the clinical management of COVID-19 patients and emphasizing the public health need for controlled, hypothesis-driven experimental studies to provide a framework for therapeutic development. In this mini-review, we summarize the current body of literature regarding the central nervous system (CNS) effects of SARS-CoV-2 and discuss several potential targets for therapeutic development to reduce neurological consequences in COVID-19 patients.
AB - The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic is an unprecedented worldwide health crisis. COVID-19 is caused by SARS-CoV-2, a highly infectious pathogen that is genetically similar to SARS-CoV. Similar to other recent coronavirus outbreaks, including SARS and MERS, SARS-CoV-2 infected patients typically present with fever, dry cough, fatigue, and lower respiratory system dysfunction, including high rates of pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); however, a rapidly accumulating set of clinical studies revealed atypical symptoms of COVID-19 that involve neurological signs, including headaches, anosmia, nausea, dysgeusia, damage to respiratory centers, and cerebral infarction. These unexpected findings may provide important clues regarding the pathological sequela of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, no efficacious therapies or vaccines are currently available, complicating the clinical management of COVID-19 patients and emphasizing the public health need for controlled, hypothesis-driven experimental studies to provide a framework for therapeutic development. In this mini-review, we summarize the current body of literature regarding the central nervous system (CNS) effects of SARS-CoV-2 and discuss several potential targets for therapeutic development to reduce neurological consequences in COVID-19 patients.
KW - ARDS
KW - Coagulopathy
KW - Coronavirus
KW - Cytokine storm
KW - Neuroinflammation
KW - Neurotropism
KW - Neutrophil extracellular traps
KW - SARS-CoV-2
KW - Stroke
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85092504297&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85092504297&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1186/s12974-020-01957-4
DO - 10.1186/s12974-020-01957-4
M3 - Review article
C2 - 32998763
AN - SCOPUS:85092504297
SN - 1742-2094
VL - 17
JO - Journal of Neuroinflammation
JF - Journal of Neuroinflammation
IS - 1
M1 - 286
ER -