TY - GEN
T1 - Pathological roles of ganglioside mimicry in guillain-barré syndrome and related neuropathies
AU - Yu, Robert K.
AU - Ariga, Toshio
AU - Usuki, Seigo
AU - Kaida, Ken Ichi
PY - 2011/12/19
Y1 - 2011/12/19
N2 - Gangliosides, sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids (GSLs), are a family of diverse, highly complex molecules localized primarily on the plasma membrane and particularly abundant in the nervous tissues of vertebrates. Research interest in gangliosides is not limited to their normal biological functions, such as neurotrophicity, cell-cell recognition and adhesion, cellular differentiation and growth, intercellular signaling, and trafficking and/or sorting [17, 19, 61, 62], or on the important constituents of cell surface microdomains or lipid rafts [18, 25, 44]. Research is also focused on the role of gangliosides in the pathogenic mechanisms of many immune-mediated neurological disorders, such as Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) [5, 57, 63]. For the putative pathogenic roles of gangliosides, accumulating evidence indicates that (a) gangliosides are localized in peripheral nerve system (PNS) myelin and axolemma, and degeneration of myelin and axons accounts for the loss of sensory and motor functions; (b) animal models of peripheral neuropathies can be established using certain pure gangliosides as the immunogens; and (c) the pathophysiological effects of the antibodies could be due to one or more of the following mechanisms: an antibody-mediated, complement-dependent process; a cell-mediated degenerating process; and a conduction block at the node of Ranvier.
AB - Gangliosides, sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids (GSLs), are a family of diverse, highly complex molecules localized primarily on the plasma membrane and particularly abundant in the nervous tissues of vertebrates. Research interest in gangliosides is not limited to their normal biological functions, such as neurotrophicity, cell-cell recognition and adhesion, cellular differentiation and growth, intercellular signaling, and trafficking and/or sorting [17, 19, 61, 62], or on the important constituents of cell surface microdomains or lipid rafts [18, 25, 44]. Research is also focused on the role of gangliosides in the pathogenic mechanisms of many immune-mediated neurological disorders, such as Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) [5, 57, 63]. For the putative pathogenic roles of gangliosides, accumulating evidence indicates that (a) gangliosides are localized in peripheral nerve system (PNS) myelin and axolemma, and degeneration of myelin and axons accounts for the loss of sensory and motor functions; (b) animal models of peripheral neuropathies can be established using certain pure gangliosides as the immunogens; and (c) the pathophysiological effects of the antibodies could be due to one or more of the following mechanisms: an antibody-mediated, complement-dependent process; a cell-mediated degenerating process; and a conduction block at the node of Ranvier.
KW - Antiganglioside antibodies
KW - Autoantibodies against ganglioside -complex
KW - Campylobacter jejuni
KW - Guillain-Barré syndrome
KW - Lipopolysaccharides
KW - Molecular mimicry
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U2 - 10.1007/978-1-4419-7877-6_17
DO - 10.1007/978-1-4419-7877-6_17
M3 - Conference contribution
C2 - 21618117
AN - SCOPUS:80054021668
SN - 9781441978769
T3 - Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
SP - 349
EP - 365
BT - The Molecular Immunology of Complex Carbohydrates-3
A2 - Wu, Albert
ER -