Abstract
In this review, we discuss several important issues concerning the discovery of protein biomarkers for complex human diseases, with a focus on type 1 diabetes. Serum or plasma is the first choice of specimen due to its richness in biological information and relatively easy availability. It is a challenging task to comprehensively characterize the serum/plasma proteome because of the large dynamic range of protein concentration. Therefore, sample pretreatment is required in order to explore the low- to medium-abundance proteins contained in serum/ plasma. In this regard, enrichment of low-abundance proteins using random hexapeptide library beads has distinct advantages over the traditional immune-depletion methods, including higher efficiency, higher binding capacity, and lower cost. In-depth mining of serum/plasma proteome using different separation techniques have also been evaluated and are discussed in this review. Overall, the shotgun proteomics-multidimensional separation of digested peptides followed by mass spectrometry analysis-is highly efficient and therefore has become a preferred method for protein biomarker discovery.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 993-1002 |
Number of pages | 10 |
Journal | Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology |
Volume | 4 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jul 2010 |
Keywords
- Depletion
- Enrichment
- Mass spectrometry
- Protein biomarker
- Proteomics
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Internal Medicine
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
- Bioengineering
- Biomedical Engineering