Proteomic technologies for the discovery of type 1 diabetes biomarkers

Wenbo Zhi, Sharad Purohit, Colleen Carey, Meiyao Wang, Jin Xiong She

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

37 Scopus citations

Abstract

In this review, we discuss several important issues concerning the discovery of protein biomarkers for complex human diseases, with a focus on type 1 diabetes. Serum or plasma is the first choice of specimen due to its richness in biological information and relatively easy availability. It is a challenging task to comprehensively characterize the serum/plasma proteome because of the large dynamic range of protein concentration. Therefore, sample pretreatment is required in order to explore the low- to medium-abundance proteins contained in serum/ plasma. In this regard, enrichment of low-abundance proteins using random hexapeptide library beads has distinct advantages over the traditional immune-depletion methods, including higher efficiency, higher binding capacity, and lower cost. In-depth mining of serum/plasma proteome using different separation techniques have also been evaluated and are discussed in this review. Overall, the shotgun proteomics-multidimensional separation of digested peptides followed by mass spectrometry analysis-is highly efficient and therefore has become a preferred method for protein biomarker discovery.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)993-1002
Number of pages10
JournalJournal of Diabetes Science and Technology
Volume4
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 2010

Keywords

  • Depletion
  • Enrichment
  • Mass spectrometry
  • Protein biomarker
  • Proteomics
  • Type 1 diabetes mellitus

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Internal Medicine
  • Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
  • Bioengineering
  • Biomedical Engineering

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